Antiinflammation activity of Muntingia calabura L. leaves ethanol, ethylacetate and chloroform extracts

Muntingia calabura L. leaves extract are reported rich in flavonoidal compounds which shows a potential activity such as antidiabetic, antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory. Several subgroups of flavonoid compounds include flavones, flavanones, flavans and biflavans. This study aimed to analyze the anti-inflammatory activity of ethanolic, ethylacetate, and chloroform extracts of M. calabura L. leaves. The extraction process was carried out by maceration, where the yield of the three solvents were 19.14%; 8.41% and 6.59% w/w, respectively. The anti-inflammatory activity was carried out by observing a decrease in edema due to 1% carrageenan induction after 4 hours. The statistical results of anti-inflammatory activity showed that the ethanol extract had a significant difference with the positive control of p value < 0.05 in which a dose of 240 mg showed a decrease in edema volume (IEV) that was closed to the positive control (acetosal = 52.12%) which was 62.51% compared to the dose 60 mg and 120 mg. Furthermore, the % IEV of ethyl acetate extract of M. calabura L. leaves at a dose of 60, 120, and 240 mg were 36.30%, 26.83%, 24.24%, respectively. These results demonstrated that an average level of anti-inflammatory activity was 22.89%, and was closed to the dose of 500 mg/kg of acetosal-induced mice. Finally, the chloroform extract with the dose of 60 mg, 120 mg, 240 mg had a significant value of p < 0.05 with a positive control (acetosal). It could be concluded that the ethanol, ethylacetate and chloroform extracts of M. calabura L. leaves may have anti-inflammatory potential with acetosal as a comparison.