俄罗斯国家空间政策中市政问题的发展

O. Kuznetsova
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摘要

在未来几年,有必要为俄罗斯的空间发展制定新的战略,并继续制定国家空间政策,在此框架内,应该增加市政问题的重要性。从作者的角度来看,在解决一些概念和应用问题时,这将是可能的。总的来说,这是国家空间政策的多尺度方法的明确表达,特别是与住区系统的形成有关- -在宏观区域、区域(俄罗斯联邦主体)、市政当局一级明确说明了目标和目的,确定了这些部分不可避免地相互矛盾的目标的平衡。为了证明所作决定的合理性,必须从根本上提高城市统计的质量:批准计算城市生产总值的官方方法,积极利用联邦税务局的资源,确保关于俄罗斯联邦各城市和各主题的数据具有可比性。为了将城市转变为真正的空间发展主体,有必要在即将到来的地方自治改革框架内,研究不同人口和类型的城市的地方自治机构的权力分化问题,地方当局权力的扩大问题,特别是大型和最大的城市,以及城市群的管理和战略规划问题。作为国家支持农村和小城镇发展措施的一部分,作者建议特别关注人口机动化问题。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Development of municipal issues in the state spatial policy of Russia
In the coming years, it is necessary to develop a new strategy for the spatial development of Russia and continue to elaborate the state spatial policy, within the framework of which there should be an increase in the importance of municipal issues. From the author’s point of view, this will be possible when solving a number of conceptual and applied problems. This is a clear articulation of a multi–scale approach in state spatial policy in general and in relation to the formation of the settlement system in particular - a clear statement of goals and objectives at the level of macro-regions, regions (subjects of the Russian Federation), municipalities, determining the balance of these partly inevitably contradictory goals. In order to justify the decisions taken, it is important to radically advance the quality of municipal statistics: the approval of the official methodology for calculating the gross municipal product, the active use of the resources of the Federal Tax Service, ensuring comparability of data on municipalities and subjects of the Russian Federation. In order to transform municipalities into real subjects of spatial development, it is necessary to study, within the framework of the upcoming reform of local self- government, the issues of differentiation of the powers of local self-government bodies of municipalities of different population and type, the expansion of the powers of local authorities, especially large and largest cities, as well as issues of management and strategic planning in urban agglomerations. As part of the development of measures of state support for the development of rural areas and small towns, the author suggests paying special attention to the issues of motorization of the population.
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