Hansen’s disease (Leprosy) -A Literature Review

Mycobacterium leprae, an acid-fast, rod-shaped bacillus, causes leprosy, an infectious disease. The condition mostly affects the skin, peripheral nerves, upper respiratory tract mucosa, and eyes. Leprosy is treatable, and early treatment can help prevent disability. • Leprosy can be cured with multidrug therapy (MDT). • During close and regular contact with untreated individuals, leprosy is likely transferred by droplets from the nose and mouth. • Early detection and treatment with multidrug therapy (MDT) are essential for eradicating the disease as a public health issue. • Leprosy can cause permanent damage to the skin, nerves, limbs, and eyes if left untreated. • According to official figures from 159 countries across six WHO regions, there were 208 619 new leprosy cases worldwide in 2018. The prevalence rate corresponds to 0.2/10 000 based on 184 212 cases at the end of 20181.