生成真随机数-使用FPGA的实用方法

A. Marghescu, P. Svasta
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引用次数: 3

摘要

真随机数是密码学算法及其应用的一个敏感研究领域。它们主要用于生成不同加密协议中使用的不可复制和非确定性模式。一个真正的随机数生成器基本上由三个主要部分组成:一个基于物理不可控现象的噪声生成器,一个随机提取器(确保生成的比特均匀分布)和一个随机测试电池。在过去的几年里,随着硬件技术的发展,随机数生成(再一次)成为一个有吸引力的研究领域,引导了全球研究社区的大量努力。因此,真随机数生成过程变得更加详细,并在国际标准中得到了详细阐述(例如NIST -国家标准与技术研究所-标准)。本文介绍了一些新颖实用的真随机数生成方法,以及一些经典方法的一些个人偏差,使用最常见的基于振荡器抖动的噪声发生器,在不同的环境和变化中使用,在FPGA逻辑中实现。此外,本文还描述了整个发电过程,并对文中所示发电机的测试结果进行了比较。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Into generating True Random Numbers - a practical approach using FPGA
True Random Numbers represents a sensitive research area for cryptographic algorithms and applications. They are mostly used in generating non-reproducible and non-deterministic patterns used in different cryptographic protocols. A True Random Number Generator basically consists of three main components: a noise generator, that is based on a physical incontrollable phenomenon, a randomness extractor (for assuring that the generated bits are uniformly distributed), and a randomness testing battery. Over the last years, since the hardware technologies evolved, the random number generation became (once more) an attractive research field, channeling a lot of efforts from the research communities worldwide. As a consequence, the True Random Number Generation process became more detailed and was elaborated in international standards (for example the NIST -National Institute of Standards and Technology- standard). This paper presents some novel practical approaches on True Random Number Generation, and some personal deviations of some classical approaches, using the most common noise generator, based on oscillators jitter, used in different contexts and variations, implemented in FPGA logic. Moreover, the paper describes the whole generation process, presenting, in comparison, the testing results of the generators shown in the paper.
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