地下开采乳化炸药钻爆作业合理参数的研究与论证

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The obtained regularities made it possible to develop a methodology for calculating the rational parameters of drilling and blasting operations using an emulsion explosive of the Ukrainit PP–2B type in the deep horizons of the Kryvbas mines. Dependences of the technical and economic indicators of the use of the emulsion explosive of the Ukrainit PP–2B type in ore breaking on mining-geological and mining-technical factors were established. On the basis of the established rational parameters of drilling and blasting operations, a variant of the technological scheme for breaking iron ores by using an emulsion explosive of the Ukrainit PP–2B type with loading of ascending fans of deep wells using a self-propelled charging module RTCh–23 was proposed and economically justified. Originality. 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摘要

目的。利用乌克兰PP-2B等乳化炸药确定合理的钻爆作业参数,并为有效开发矿床的地下开采方法制定确定参数的方法。方法。为了达到这一目的,采用了一套现代研究方法,包括文献资料分析、设计文件和深埋铁矿开采实践、实验室和工业实验的理论推广、技术经济方法和技术、图形分析、相关分析等。结果。建立了从矿石极限强度到单轴压缩的最小阻力线值与爆破孔直径的变化规律。所获得的规律使我们有可能发展出一种方法来计算在Kryvbas矿区深部使用乌克兰PP-2B型乳化炸药钻爆作业的合理参数。建立了乌克兰PP-2B型乳化炸药破矿技术经济指标与采矿地质和采矿技术因素的依赖关系。在确定合理的钻爆作业参数的基础上,提出了乌克兰PP-2B型乳化炸药加装深井提升风机、采用RTCh-23自行装药模块破碎铁矿石的技术方案,并对其进行了经济论证。创意。在使用乌克兰PP-2B型乳化炸药时,建立了最小阻力线与矿石单轴压缩极限强度和爆孔直径的幂律关系。实用价值。本文研究了乌克兰PP-2B型乳化炸药在克里夫巴斯矿区深部钻井爆破作业参数的计算方法。采用乌克兰PP-2B型乳化炸药破碎铁矿石技术方案的经济合理版本,将有可能实现年经济效益1190万澳元。结论。确定了乌克兰PP-2B型乳化炸药的使用是大深度矿物进一步开发的不可替代的方向,这将有可能使破碎工艺过程的成本降低21%,对世界的有害环境影响减少2,6 - 3,9倍。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Research and substantiation of rational parameters of drilling and blasting operations when using emulsional explosives in underground mining
Purpose. To determine and substantiate the rational parameters of drilling and blasting operations using emulsion explosives such as Ukrainit PP-2B and to develop a methodology for their determination for the effective development of mineral deposits underground mining method. Methodology. To achieve this goal, a set of modern research methods was used, including an analysis of literature sources, design documentation and the practice of mining iron ore deposits at great depths, theoretical generalization of laboratory and industrial experiments, methods and techniques of technical and economic, graphic-analytical, correlation analysis. Results. The regularities of the change in the value of least resistance line from the ultimate strength of the ore to uniaxial compression and the diameter of blast holes were established. The obtained regularities made it possible to develop a methodology for calculating the rational parameters of drilling and blasting operations using an emulsion explosive of the Ukrainit PP–2B type in the deep horizons of the Kryvbas mines. Dependences of the technical and economic indicators of the use of the emulsion explosive of the Ukrainit PP–2B type in ore breaking on mining-geological and mining-technical factors were established. On the basis of the established rational parameters of drilling and blasting operations, a variant of the technological scheme for breaking iron ores by using an emulsion explosive of the Ukrainit PP–2B type with loading of ascending fans of deep wells using a self-propelled charging module RTCh–23 was proposed and economically justified. Originality. Power-law dependences of the least resistance line on the ultimate strength of the ore for uniaxial compression and the diameter of blast holes were established when using an emulsion explosive of the Ukrainit PP-2B type. Practical value. The method is developed for calculating the parameters of drilling and blasting operations with using an emulsion explosive of the Ukrainit PP-2B type in the deep horizons of the Kryvbas mines. The economically justified version of the technological scheme for breaking off iron ores with using an emulsion explosive of the Ukrainit PP-2B type, which will make it possible to achieve an annual economic effect in the amount of UAH 11.9 million. Conclusions. It is established that the use of an emulsion explosive of the Ukrainit PP-2B type is a non-alternative direction in the further development of minerals at great depths, which will make it possible to reduce the cost of the technological process of breaking by 21% and reduce the harmful environmental impact on the world by 2,6–3,9 times.
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