Lifetime Enhancement of WSN Using Evolutionary Clustering and Routing Algorithms

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are energy constraint network. Typically WSNs are powered by batteries, which operates till a limited time period. Hence the WSN lifetime is an essential factor. In this article, a comparison of lifetime, energy consumption and maximum number of hops are performed using different optimization techniques such as Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA) and Least Distance Clustering (LDC). This article proposes an approach to enhance the lifetime of WSNs. Optimization algorithms have been applied on each and every cluster separately for clustering. By applying this approach, member nodes of a cluster leads to decrease the energy consumption for transmission of sensed data to their cluster head. Hence the lifetime of member node of the cluster increases. For routing, optimization techniques have been applied on cluster heads deployed over the whole area under consideration.