Cervical cancer incidence and mortality in the Republic of Bashkortostan: The role of human papillomavirus in the development of cervical cancer

BACKGROUND: Malignant neoplasms (MNs) have been the most urgent problem in medicine worldwide for more than a decade. The steady increase in morbidity and mortality from oncological diseases has led to socio-demographic problems and high economic costs. AIM: This study aimed to assess the incidence and mortality of cervical cancer (CC) in the Republic of Bashkortostan over a 6-year period. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was conducted from 2015 to 2020 according to the reporting form Information on malignant neoplasms. The data were evaluated based on the analysis of statistical data on morbidity and mortality from MNs in the Republic of Bashkortostan and the Russian Federation. Cartography was conducted using the R software, ggplot2 package. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistica 10 program. Standardized indicators were used to analyze morbidity and mortality. RESULTS: In the Russian Federation, 299,967 newly diagnosed MN cases in women were recorded in 2020. The most significant cause of oncological morbidity in women is MNs of the reproductive system (38.8%), where tumors of the genital organs account for 17.6% of all MNs in women. The standardized incidence rate of cervical cancer in 2020 was 13.67 per 100,000 population in the Russian Federation, and 10.9 per 100,000 population in the Republic of Bashkortostan. CONCLUSIONS: The process of CC development is quite long, and it should be diagnosed and treated at the dysplastic stage. The necessity of introducing HPV testing into widespread practice for the rapid screening of CC is obvious. Moreover, the primary prevention of CC by vaccination against the human papillomavirus of high carcinogenic risk is also important.