A STUDY OF METHODS FOR PROTECTION & PREVENTION OF THE EFFECTS OF FIRES IN BUILDINGS

Fires are one of the great dangers that threaten buildings and affect their occupants, as they occur as a result of the high temperature of one of the materials in the building to the point of ignition and in many cases we cannot control the fire inside the buildings, which leads to their collapse completely or partially so that this affects the efficiency of the building from a functional point of view Technical, economic. One of the most important issues related to security and safety factors in buildings, which occupies a great place in the awareness of the architect, so it is necessary to raise awareness of design considerations in order to help reduce losses and limit the fire in its place without causing damage to the rest of the building parts. Where it was identified through the research on the concept of fire from a chemical point of view and its causes, whether they are (human - natural) causes. Columns - ceilings - floors, stairs, etc). These considerations and limitations need to be moved from being a general awareness to binding laws and regulations in order to ensure the safety of lives and facilities until they are settled in the architect’s awareness. Where the research aims to highlight and clarify these determinants related to how to apply security and safety factors and apply this to the architectural design. The research concluded with a set of recommendations in which he sees the necessity of obligating the architect to take them into account in the different stages of the building, starting from the design until the desired goal is achieved. Fires cause many material and human losses This prompted the researcher to seek to study this topic and shed light on it in order to reduce the destructive effects of fires by spreading that awareness among architects.