重构伦理理论、教学和立法,使开源AGI偏向友好和智慧

J. Cox
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摘要

对人类友好型人工智能发展的希望取决于找到并采用伦理理论和实践,这些理论和实践可以成功地纳入未来人工智能的建设、编程和/或发展增长、教育和成熟生活世界。主流伦理理论不适合这一目的,因为它们的单一决策程序旨在“黄金法则”风格的原则和判断,这些原则和判断在普遍和绝对的意义上是客观的。使用冲突解决和谈判方法的对话方法,对多样性的“彩虹规则”方法,以及作为紧急公正性的客观性概念,提供了一个更有用的伦理框架。这种解决冲突的方法也将提高我们处理与“友好的人工智能”问题相关的另外两个问题的机会,即编程人工智能不仅要更聪明,而且要真正更聪明的困难,以及考虑人工智能是出于党派关系还是出于促进善的真正意图而对人类友好所产生的困境。虽然这些问题具有挑战性,但可以制定一项追求和促进研究的战略,并采取基本立法和公司政策来鼓励它们的发展,作为有利于友好和明智AGI的项目的一部分。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Reframing Ethical Theory, Pedagogy, and Legislation to Bias Open Source AGI Towards Friendliness and Wisdom
Hopes for biasing the odds towards the development of AGI that is human-friendly depend on finding and employing ethical theories and practices that can be incorporated successfully in the construction, programming and/or developmental growth, education and mature life world of future AGI. Mainstream ethical theories are ill-adapted for this purpose because of their mono-logical decision procedures which aim at “Golden rule” style principles and judgments which are objective in the sense of being universal and absolute. A much more helpful framework for ethics is provided by a dialogical approach using conflict resolution and negotiation methods, a “Rainbow rule” approach to diversity, and a notion of objectivity as emergent impartiality. This conflict resolution approach will also improve our chances in dealing with two other problems related to the “Friendly AI” problem, the difficulty of programming AI to be not merely smarter but genuinely wiser and the dilemmas that arise in considering whether AGIs will be Friendly to humans out of mere partisanship or out of genuine intent to promote the Good. While these issues are challenging, a strategy for pursuing and promoting research on them can be articulated and basic legislation and corporate policies can be adopted to encourage their development as part of the project of biasing the odds in favor of Friendly and Wise AGI.
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