Analysis of the geodynamic factors impact on the relativistic frequency shift of atomic standards

The impact of geodynamic factors on the relativistic frequency shift of atomic standards is analyzed. The results of frequency shift calculations caused by various geodynamic phenomena are presented, and the significance of these shifts for modern optical frequency standards is estimated. Based on the results of the assessment, it was concluded that for the relativistic frequency shift at the level of 10-18, the most significant factors are tides in the solid Earth and oceans, which are well taken into account using modern global tidal models. Nontidal phenomena in the oceans, which cause a change in the geopotential at the level of 0.2 m2/s2 (frequency shift of the order of 2·10-18), do not have much effect on the course of stationary atomic standards located on the continents. The postglacial uplift has a secular character and is well modeled at the present time. It is recommended to pay special attention to the complexly modeled potential changes caused by fluctuations in the water level in reservoirs (for stations located near reservoirs) and the groundwater level. The rest of the considered geodynamic ef-fects have practically no effect on the course of the optical clock.