巴西巴伊亚州对虾养殖企业环境许可程序分析。

Carla Virgínia Hage Ferraz, Severino Soares Agra Filho
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引用次数: 0

摘要

近年来,虾类养殖经历了巨大的发展,巴伊亚州在全国范围内发挥了重要作用。这种扩张带来了许多好处,但也引起了人们对其日益严重的环境影响的担忧。考虑到环境许可(EL)在诱导必要措施以实现可持续性要求方面的潜力,本研究旨在分析巴伊亚州对虾养殖EL的执行情况及其对可持续发展的贡献。为此目的,分析了巴伊亚州所需的15个环境评估程序,旨在评价主管机构的评估做法及其对将可持续性目标纳入活动环境评估的贡献。由于可用的流程涉及正规化许可,因此削弱了对EL的预防特性的分析。结果表明,技术意见强调活动对环境影响的相关方面,这表明环境机构基于纠正措施的分析行为。在所分析的技术意见中,社会方面一般是最被忽视的。对所发许可证所需条件的分析也表明存在重大不足,因此在发放许可证之前需要提供重要的资料和条件,以确保遵守规定。虽然最近关于该行业EL的法律法规在解决可持续性问题方面取得了一些突破,但其影响还不足以扭转目前的局面。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
ANÁLISE DE PROCESSOS DE LICENCIAMENTO AMBIENTAL DE EMPREENDIMENTOS DE CARCINICULTURA NO ESTADO DA BAHIA, BRASIL.
The shrimp farming has undergone a great expansion in recent years, in which the State of Bahia has been playing an important role in the national context. This expansion has generated many benefits but also major concerns about its increasing environmental impacts. Considering the potential of the Environmental Licensing (EL) to induce necessary measures to achieve the sustainability requirements, this research was developed with the objective of analyzing the execution of the EL of shrimp farming in the State of Bahia and its contributions to the sustainable development. In this purpose, 15 EL's processes required in the State of Bahia were analyzed, aiming to evaluate the practices of assessment of the competent agencies and their contributions to the insertion of the objectives of sustainability in the EL of the activity. Because the available processes referred to regularization licenses, the analysis of the preventive character of the EL was impaired. The results suggest that the Technical Opinions emphasize the aspects related to the effects of the activity on the environment, which demonstrates an analysis behavior of the environmental agency based on corrective actions. The social aspects were, in general, the most neglected, in the Technical Opinions analyzed. The analysis of the required conditions in the issued also suggests a significant deficiency, reinforcing the need for important information and conditions to be required before the release of the licenses to ensure compliance. While recent legal regulations about the EL of the sector have brought some breakthroughs in addressing sustainability, their implications have not yet been sufficient to reverse the current scenario.
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