EFEITO LARVICIDA DE ÓLEOS ESSENCIAIS DE PLANTAS DA FLORESTA

Dengue is a systemic viral infection that currently has four different serotypes and is transmitted by the Aedes Aegypti mosquito, which is an insect from tropical and subtropical climates that lives in urban areas and reproduces mainly in synthetic containers. Disease control occurs only through vector control, which is mostly made by chemical products, the main ones being organophosphates and pyrethroids and resistance to these insecticides has already been widespread in Brazil. Then the search for alternative insecticides such as botanists was stimulated. The objective of this study was to evaluate, under laboratory conditions, the larvicidal effect of essential oils from FLONA plants and to identify the most effective one on Aedes aegypti larvae. Five plants were used (Baccharis dracunculifolia DC (Rosemary of the Field); Copaifera langsdorffii. (Pau d'Oleo); Ocotea sp. (Louro Cheiroso); In third instar larvae, the oil was extracted by hydrodistillation by Clevenger apparatus and the completely randomized design (treatments x repetitions) was used. The work was divided into three stages: all oils with the same concentration; the oil with the best potential at various concentrations (0, 5, 10, 20, 50 and 75 μg / ml); and the best concentration at various temperatures (15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 ° C). Statistical analysis was done by ANAVA and Tukey test (5%), and oil efficiency was calculated by Abbott's formula. Louro Cheiroso essential oil showed higher larvicidal activity, while the others did not present significant results. Smelling Louro applied at 75 μg / ml and submitted to a temperature of 35 oC causes higher mortality to Aedes aegypti larvae under laboratory conditions. The use of essential oils to control Aedes aegypti is a possible alternative, given the great performance at low concentrations. However, studies are still needed to identify compounds that have an effect on mosquito larvae. Research is also needed to assess the toxic effect on animals and humans.