减少自升式钻井平台作业中的碳排放:印度尼西亚东爪哇近海的案例研究

J. M. Lumbantobing
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摘要

石油和天然气钻探行业对温室气体(GHG)的排放做出了贡献,特别是燃料燃烧产生的碳排放,以及其活动产生的废物。很难测量这些排放物的数量。展望未来,这样做可能会成为一项立法要求。本文提供了几种测量和减少钻井活动碳排放的方法,以支持2021年11月COP26的格拉斯哥气候公约,保持将全球气温上升限制在1.5℃的希望。碳排放的分析基于美国石油和天然气行业温室气体排放方法汇编,2009。作者提供了在海上钻井活动中实施的实用方程,并建立了估算钻机发动机和船舶固定燃烧产生的CO2、N2O和CH4碳排放的工作流程。在SANGEA软件(SANGEA™是美国石油协会拥有的温室气体排放计算工具)的支持下,从2021年9月到2022年3月,X油田自升式钻井作业的总碳排放量计算为2328吨二氧化碳当量/月,生产和钻井作业的总排放量计算为8791吨二氧化碳当量/月。通过数字化/自动化,钻井活动的碳排放贡献将达到±26%,这将推动油井工程、作业优化、燃油效率和低碳足迹的利用。未记录的排放源(试井、完井和卸载)和其他方控制的间接排放,如陆地运输、直升机和车间电力进口,将成为讨论的一部分。此外,本文还提出了管理工作流程,通过频繁的燃料消耗记录和制定路线图来减少连续钻井活动的碳排放,以支持该计划。本文的新颖之处在于海上钻井活动,以减少自升式钻井作业中的碳排放。了解钻井活动中碳排放的比例和规模将推动减少碳排放的努力,并支持石油和天然气行业实现净零碳排放的愿望。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Abating Carbon Emissions in Jack Up Rig Operations: A Case Study in Offshore East Java, Indonesia
The oil and gas drilling industry contributes to the release of greenhouse gases (GHG), especially carbon emissions from the combustion of fuel, and waste from its activities. It is rare to measure the quantity of these emissions. Going forward, it may become a legislative requirement to do so. This paper provides several approaches to measure and reduce carbon emissions from drilling activities to support the Glasgow Climate Pact at COP26 in November 2021 to keep alive the hope of limiting the rise in global temperature to 1.5˚C. Carbon emissions are analyzed based on the API Compendium of Greenhouse Gas Emission Methodologies for The Oil and Natural Gas Industry, 2009. The authors provide practical equations to implement in offshore drilling activities and establish workflows to estimate carbon emission of CO2, N2O and CH4 from stationary combustion of rig engines and from marine vessels. Supported by SANGEA Software (SANGEA™ is a GHG emissions calculation tool owned by the American Petroleum Institute), total carbon emissions for Field X from jack up rig operations from September 2021 until March 2022 was calculated at 2,328 tons CO2e/ month, and total emissions from production and drilling operations was calculated at 8,791 tons CO2e/ month. Appreciating the significant ± 26% carbon emissions contribution from drilling activities will drive improved well engineering, operations optimization, fuel efficiency and low carbon footprint utilization through digitalization/automation. Unrecorded emissions from vented sources (well testing, completion and unloading) and indirect emissions controlled by other parties such as land transportation, helicopters and electricity imports in workshops will be part of the discussion. Additionally, this paper proposes administrative workflows to support the initiative through frequent fuel consumption records and through development of a roadmap to reduce carbon emissions from continuous drilling campaigns. The novelty of this paper is focusing on offshore drilling activities to abate carbon emissions in jack up rig operations. Knowing the portion and magnitude of carbon emissions from drilling activities will drive efforts to reduce carbon emissions and to support Net Zero Carbon Emission aspirations in the oil and gas industry.
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