结构对排气部件用不锈钢成形性能的影响

J. Sobotka, P. Solfronk, M. Švec, David Koreček
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引用次数: 0

摘要

如今,不锈钢广泛应用于各种工业产品。它们在工业实践中应用的一个例子是汽车工业中排气系统部件的生产。通过成形技术加工的耐腐蚀材料通常具有良好的变形性能和较高的力学价值。这些性能主要得益于合金元素含量高、化学成分稳定和生产工艺。本文评价了两种型号为acc的1.4301不锈钢的组织对成形性能的影响。符合EN 10028-7-2016),用于生产排气系统组件。每一种被测试的不锈钢都由不同的制造商提供。尽管声明的化学成分和机械性能相同,但其中一种测试材料显示出相当高的废料产量。作为生产的一个关键点,切割作业与随后的切割孔扩展相结合。在此过程中,其中一种被试材料在法兰的周向部分出现了巨大的裂纹。而且,裂纹总是发生在产品的同一位置。通过静态拉伸试验和在TESCAN MIRA 3电子显微镜上进行的结构分析来评估自身的成形性。此外,还进行了不同切削间隙调整下的扩孔试验。根据测量数据,对一种用于生产排气部件的耐腐蚀材料的开裂原因得出了明确的结论。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Influence of Structure on Formability of Stainless Steels used at Production of Exhaust Components
Stainless steels are nowadays used in a wide range of industrial products. One example of their utilization in the industrial practice represents production of the exhaust systems components in the automotive industry. Corrosion-resistant materials intended to be processed by the forming technologies generally reveal very good deformation properties and high mechanical values as well. These properties are given mainly due to the high content of alloying elements, stability of the chemical composition and production technology. The submitted paper evaluates the influence of structure on the formability of two stainless steels 1.4301 (designation acc. to EN 10028-7-2016) used for production the exhaust system components. Each of the tested stainless steels is supplied by a different manufacturer. Despite the declared identical chemical composition and the same mechanical properties, one of the tested materials showed quite high level of scrap production. As a critical point of the production there was identified the cutting operation in combination with the subsequent expansion of the cut hole. During this operation, a massive crack occurred in one of the tested materials in the circumferential part of flange. Moreover, the crack always occurred in the identical location of the product. Own formability evaluation was assessed by means of a static tensile test and structural analysis performed on a TESCAN MIRA 3 electron microscope. In addition to these tests, a hole expansion test with different adjustment of cutting clearance was also performed. Based upon the measured data, there were formulated conclusions regarding the causes of cracking in the case of one tested corrosion-resistant material designed for production the exhaust components.
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