Computer Vision Method for Grading of Health of a Fundus Image on Basis of Presence of Red Lesions

Diabetic Retinopathy is one of those eye diseases which may cause permanent loss of vision if not treated at an early stage. The current paper proposes an algorithmic rule for detection of red lesions and grading the severity of a fundus image depending on its location in the image. Some significant and deciding objects like optic disc and macula are segmented using adaptive intensity-based threshold, geometrical features, k-means clustering and morphological operations. Imaging techniques like color normalization, median filtering and morphological operations are used for segmentation of blood vessels and red lesions. Finally, a region-based framework has been used for grading the severity of the disease affecting the patient. The proposed method has achieved an accuracy of 89%. The proposed method has given encouraging results and can be used in development of some devices in this field.