Psychological readiness of children to study at school and prerequisites for tolerance

The article presents the psychological growths of the transition from preschool to primary school age. Their value for the formation of psychological readiness for educational activity and the premises of tolerance is disclosed. A detailed analysis is given of how the loss of children's spontaneity during the crisis of 7 years leads to the formation of a "facade" of the personality and a new type of tolerance. The phenomenon of "bitter candy", revealed by A. N. Leontiev, is considered in the aspect of awareness of social norms as a criterion for assessing one's behavior, forming ethical instances and changing the grounds for self-acceptance. The article analyzes the correlation of a new type of relationship between a preschooler during the seven-year crisis period with adults, peers, and self-reliance with the main components of educational activity. The role of decentration in the formation of the prerequisites for educational activity and tolerance is disclosed. The problem under study is correlated with the results of research by Jean Piaget of moral realism and moral relativism. The legitimacy of the conclusion of N.V. Nizhegorodtseva that preschool age is a sensitive period in the formation of tolerance is theoretically justified.