Commodifying Pilgrimage: Emerge of Ziarah Ritual Commodification in Mount Kawi

The form of Pesarean in mount Kawi which is currently known as one of the tourism icons of Malang and National does not occur suddenly. Changes and the various complexities of problems that occur within them are a form of cultural mechanisms that lead to a form of commodification of cultural products. By using ethnographic research methods during the period of 2017-2019 the following results are obtained. The commodification of the pilgrimage ritual in mount Kawi occurred in three phases of development during the 1960s, 1980s, and 2000s. Various developments that occur refer to the efforts of the development and development of the pilgrimage ritual area into cultural consumption goods. Through capitalist mechanisms and capital control, the sacred activities carried out by adherents of beliefs based on religious values are transformed into a form of market interest by prioritizing the principle of exchanging economic values to the agents involved. The government, managers and communities are agents who are directly involved in this process.