服务业的国际流动——发展中国家有竞争力吗?

Andżelika Kuźnar
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引用次数: 1

摘要

发展中国家对增加外国服务提供者进入其市场的机会相当抵触。他们担心,由于他们的服务出口商竞争力不足,他们无法有效地利用可能更好地进入其他国家市场的机会。虽然服务业在低收入和中等收入国家的国内经济中确实往往效率低下和不发达,但它们不一定已经成功地参与了服务出口。这取决于如何衡量一个国家的竞争力。本文研究了三个指标:观察到的所谓调整后的出口份额和显示的比较优势。各国对服务贸易的开放程度也是一项补充措施。结果表明,衡量国家参与世界出口的普遍指标(观察到的出口份额)低估了发展中国家在服务出口中的地位。本文和文献调查的结果都表明,发展中国家在增加服务分部门数量方面有很多机会
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
International Mobility of Services – are Developing Countries Competitive?
Developing countries are quite resistant to increase the access of foreign service providers to their markets. They are afraid potentially better access to other countries’ market will not by used by them efficiently, because their service exporters are not competitive enough. While service industries are indeed often inefficient and underdeveloped in domestic economies in low and middle income countries, it does not have to be necessarily true that they do not participate successfully in services exports already. It depends on how one measures the country’s competitiveness. The paper deals with three indices: observed and so called adjusted exports share and Revealed Comparative Advantage. Countries’ openness to services trade is also presented as a complementary measure. The results show that the popular measure of country’s participation in world exports (observed exports share) understates the position of developing countries in services exports. Both the results of the paper and the literature survey indicate that there are many opportunities for developing countries in increasing number of service sub-sectors
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