Pixelated Microwave Sensor for Angular Displacement Detection

A pixelated sensor based on a complementary split-ring resonator (CSRR) is proposed to measure angular displacemen. The variation of the resonance frequency of S21 with the rotation angle is defined as the sensitivity of the sensor. The angle sensing area is pixelated first, then the sensitivity of the sensor as the fitness function is optimized with the binary particle swarm algorithm (BPSO), and finally the sensor that is more sensitive to angle changes is proposed. The simulation results show that the pixelated angle sensor has higher sensitivity than the rectangular CSRR sensor and the circular CSRR sensor of the same size. The sensitivity of the pixelated angle sensor is 19MHz/degree, while that of the rectangular CSRR sensor and circular CSRR sensor are 1.3MHz/degree and 1.6MHz/degree respectively.