“erejeler”作为吉尔吉斯族习惯法法典化的尝试及其伊斯兰教法视角下的分析

A. Kariev
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文从伊斯兰教法的角度,对有着如此悠久历史的吉尔吉斯人的习惯法“Ereje-6”进行了探讨。确切地说,习惯法是由农村和山区组成的,在合法化之后,吉尔吉斯人定居于公元前17-19年。在对吉尔吉斯人的历史进行了简短的描述之后,我们讨论了他们从1212年和沙俄帝国占领后发生的Chinqiz Khan的破坏中撤退到农村和山区。在这些进展之后,我们还讨论了从公元8世纪到公元18世纪形成的习惯法习俗,以及它们对习惯法制度化产生影响的因素,以及习惯法在社会生活各个阶段的重要性。在所有这些主题之后,我们不得不谈谈吉尔吉斯人民对根据他们的游牧生活条件建立的法律和司法系统的看法,以及这个司法系统的结构和功能,以及在这个结构中工作的官员,以及他们的任命、解雇、工资和审判机制,以及在法庭上讨论的事项。我们必须给“Erece”一个简短的肖像。“律”指的是整个社会所需要的社会品格及其作为法律组成部分的必然主体。实际上,我们讨论了《希腊》的主题;该“法典”的抄录及其被接受为法典的习俗,以及各段之间的解释。因此,我们谈到了指导所有吉尔吉斯人民的首领和首领,以及他们在文化中修改了这部法典的某些段落,使其适合吉尔吉斯社会,以及其改变的哲学和因素。最后,我们讨论了比耶斯和马纳普斯对1907年在卡拉科尔写的“Erece-6”的权威,也讨论了比耶斯和马纳普斯对法典的改变,以及比耶斯和马纳普斯在对法典制定习俗时遵守伊斯兰教法。实际上,我们将《律法》中的四十项内容与伊斯兰教法进行了比较,并将《律法》中的四十项内容作为法律的一部分进行了讨论,从而认识到它在某些方面的质量。因此,吉尔吉斯人无视伊斯兰法律,尽管在他们接受了伊斯兰教之后,他们优先考虑为人民利益工作的习惯法。事实上,他们关心的是始终以人为中心的法律体系。简而言之,我们要讨论的是习惯法和伊斯兰法体系的混合特征,这对突厥人来说是一个非常重要的历史镜子。而在这一理念的背景下,我们不得不见证两大法系在人生各个时期的实施,并取得了更重要的成就。关键词:伊斯兰法,吉尔吉斯人,Ereje,习惯法,历史
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
“EREJELER” AS AN ATTEMPT OF CUSTOMARY LAW CODIFICATION OF THE KYRGYZ PEOPLE AND ITS ANALYSIS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ISLAMIC LAW
Annotation In this article, the customary law that named “Ereje-6” of the Kyrgyz people who had to the so old history to the Christ, was discussed in the perspective of the Islamic Law. Exactly, the customary law that consisted in the rural and mountain region after the legalization that had the Kyrgyz people to settlement of the date 17-19 cc. After the giving a short portrait of the history of the Kyrgyz people, we had talk about their retreating to the rural and mountains territories from the Chinqiz Khan’s damination that happened after the 1212 and after the Tsarist Russian Empire’s occupation, also after these progress we talked on the customary law customs that constitutived from the 8 cc. to the 18 cc., and their factors witch effected for the institutionalize of the customary law, and its importance in the all steps of the life in the society. After the all these themes, we had to talk on the Kyrgyz people’s perception of a law and the judicial system that established according to their nomadic life conditions, and the structure of this judical system and the functioning, and officials who were working in this structure, and their designation, dismissal, salary, and the judgment mechanism, and the matters that discussed in the courts. And we had to give the short portrait of the “Erece”. The “erece” is meaning social character that all society needs to it and its inevitable subject as a part of the law. Actually, we talked the themes of the “Erece” like; the transcribing of this “Erece”, and its customs that accepted as a code of the law, and its interpretation between the paragraphs. Therefore, we talked on the biys and manaps who directed the all Kyrgyz people and on their chanching the some paragraphs of this codificasion in the kurultay as a appropriate to the Kyrgyz society, and its chanching philosophy and its factors. Finally, we discussed the biys and manaps authority on the “Erece-6” that written in the Karakol in 1907, also we talked on the changing of the Kyrgyz customs to the code of the law, and biys and manaps comply to Islamic law while they making the custom to the code of the law. Actually, we focused the portrait of fourty items of the “Erece-6” that compared with the Islamic law, and all these items of “Ereje-6” was discussed as a part of law, finally we had to knowledge its quality in the some subjects. Therefore, the Kyrgyz people were disregard the Islamic law although after they accepted the Islam and they were prioritizing the customary law that was working for the interests of the people. In fact, they were to care about the law system that keeping the person in the center all time. Shortly, we have to discuss on the intermingling character of the customary and Islamic law system, and this so important for the Turkic people as a historical mirror. And in the context of this idea, we have to witness of the implementation of the two law system in the all period of life, and we achieved to the so more important fictions and results. Keywords: Islamic Law, Kyrgyz, Ereje, Customary Law, History.
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