[发展精神病理学和精神分析]。

La psychiatrie de l'enfant Pub Date : 1991-01-01
Y Gauthier
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引用次数: 0

摘要

面对精神分析和观察实验方法之间的明显矛盾,作者简要地总结了直接观察对儿童发展知识的输入,并提出许多精神分析学家对这些方法的保留意见可能是由于在此类研究中更重视外部事件,就好像幻想的因果作用因此受到质疑一样。作者进一步回顾了最近的实验工作,特别是围绕“婴儿能力”、“自我”、“依恋和安全”等概念的研究,并指出这些研究的主要对象越来越关注儿童幻想生活的基础和起源。其他最近的实验工作表明,在孩子出生的第一年和现在到六岁的孩子所做的观察之间存在连续性。作者得出的结论是,所有这些观察和实验工作,远没有与基于重建的精神分析假设相矛盾,而是证实了对精神分析至关重要的制度和假设,特别是关于儿童生命的第一年和母子互动的重要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
[Developmental psychopathology and psychoanalysis].

In face of the apparent contradiction between psychoanalysis and observational-experimental methods, the author briefly summarizes the input of direct observation to the knowledge of child development and suggests that the reservations of many psychoanalysts to these methods may be explained by the greater importance given to external events in such research, as if the causal role of fantasy was thus being questioned. The author further reviews most recent experimental works, particularly those around the concepts of "competence of the infant", "self", "attachment and security", and suggests that the main object of these research endeavors more and more concerns the foundations and origins of the child's fantasy life. Other recent experimental works bring out the continuity between the observations made during the first year of the child's life and those made of these children now up to the age of six. The author comes to the conclusion that the whole of these observational and experimental works, far from contradicting psychoanalytic hypotheses based on reconstruction, confirms institutions and hypotheses which have become essential to psychoanalysis, particularly concerning the importance of the child's first year of life and of mother-child interaction.

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