所谓防水是指覆盖建筑表面的一种材料

V. Panin, U.M. Fedorchuck, T.N. Guseeva
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In case of use tecnological of raw material, for example of oxides of iron formed in metallurgical productions, the ecological problem of deleting from a nature of polluting substances is decided also. Phospphatic connecting can be derivated because of low-grade ortho-phosphoric of an acid or phosphate of some productions, being scraps [l]. The materials are named phosphatic, which in the cement of role is executed by salts orthophosphoric acids formed during chemical interaction it with components of an initial mixture. (with) >Ortho-phosphoric an acid or it metallophosphatic (phosphatic connecting) are main and necessary products for production materials of phosphatic formed because of of processes of acidicmain interaction. In this class the connecting phosphoric acid exhibits the most interesting properties by virtue of features of an electronic structure of phosphonun which is included in it structure, and it of ability to organize inorganic polymeric structures. The processes causing harding phosphatic of masses, are complicated, are individual for each structure and are investigated few more. On a course of processes the decisive influence renders bases of substances which are included in the powder of cement, acidity of a liquid base, temperature. Ability phosphatic knitting to organize stable composite communication(connection) between separate component of a material is adjusted by application of oxides various bases, modification of concentration ortho-phosphoric of an acid, heat to temperatures ensuring shaping of ceramic-similar phases, not subject hidrotation [2]. By ancestor of significant number phosphatic connecting, known now, were alumphosphatic connecting, representing metastable solutions phosphates of aluminium. Their synthesis is reduced to dissolution in ortho-phosphoric to an acid of the 65%-s' concentration of a required(demanded) amount of aluminium hidrocead. Time of dissolution 15-20 min, temperature about 100' C. Ready connecting is viscosity a transparent solution [3]. For want of heating phosphatic connecting the rather complicated processes happen, however, in all a temperature interval (1 500 'C) formed those or others crystalline and aMopQHbie of a phase reliably execute a role of cement. A final product of thermal transformations amoMo~oc@aTHoro of connecting any structure is AlP04. Being crystallochamistry by analog of crystal, this junction undergoes polymorphic transformations similar to the transformations Si02. However, if polimorfic of transformation of crystal are accompanied by significant modifications of volume, that can result in destruction of silicate items, the AlP04 extension, called(caused) by similar transitions, less noticeably and not so drastically influences a falling of strength phosphatic of a material. 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引用次数: 0

摘要

在与大气相互作用的结果中连接的硅酸盐和硫酸盐的建筑材料基底吞下水分。在寒冷的季节,它们的部分破坏是由于冻结水的延伸而发生的。为了消除这一过程,有必要生产不通过也不吞下水分的盖子。对这些保护套提出的另一个主要要求是可用性和低成本。在施工中,一个主要问题是金属结构的腐蚀防护。经分析和我们的研究表明,这种材料可以作为磷材料。它们是由各种氧化物结合而成的,既有天然的,也有技术上的。以冶金生产中形成的氧化铁等原料的使用工艺为例,还解决了从污染物质中去除的生态问题。磷酸连接可因一种酸或某些产品的磷酸盐的低品位正磷酸而衍生,为废料[1]。这种材料被命名为磷酸,它在水泥中的作用是由盐执行的,正磷酸是在与初始混合物的成分化学相互作用时形成的。正磷酸或金属磷酸(磷酸连接)是由于酸-主相互作用过程而形成的磷酸生产材料的主要和必需产品。在本课程中,连接磷酸表现出最有趣的性质,这是由于它的结构中包含了磷子的电子结构特征,以及它组织无机聚合物结构的能力。引起团块硬化的过程是复杂的,每种结构都是单独的,研究得不多。在一个过程中起决定性作用的是水泥粉中所含物质的碱、液体碱的酸度、温度。磷酸盐编织在材料的不同组分之间组织稳定的复合通信(连接)的能力可以通过应用氧化物、各种碱、改变酸的正磷酸浓度、加热到确保陶瓷相似相成型的温度而不受旋转来调节[2]。目前已知的大量磷酸连接的祖先是铝磷酸连接,代表了铝的亚稳溶液磷酸盐。它们的合成被还原为在正磷酸中溶解成一种所需(需要)量的铝磷酸浓度为65%的酸。溶解时间15-20分钟,温度约100℃。准备连接的是粘度为透明的溶液[3]。然而,由于缺乏加热磷酸连接,相当复杂的过程发生在所有温度区间(1500℃)形成的这些或其他晶体和相的aMopQHbie可靠地执行水泥的作用。连接任意结构的amoMo~oc@aTHoro热转化的最终产物是AlP04。作为晶体化学的模拟物,该结经历了类似于sio2的多晶转变。然而,如果晶体的多相转变伴随着显著的体积变化,这可能导致硅酸盐物质的破坏,由类似转变引起的AlP04扩展,对材料的强度下降的影响不那么明显,也不那么剧烈。由于磷酸盐连接了各种高效的防水和耐热材料
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Waterproof covers a surface of building materials so-called
The building materials base of silicate and sulphate connecting in an outcome of interaction with atmosphere swallow a moisture. There for their partial destruction in a cold season in an outcome of the extension of freezing water happens. For an elemination of this process it is necessary to produce covers, which do not pass and do not swallow a moisture. Other major request presented to these covers, is the availability and low cost. In construction one of major problems is the guard of metal constructions from corrosion. As has shown the analysis and our researches by such materials for covers can be phosphatic materials. They are well combined from a various kind by oxides, both natural and tecnological of an origin. In case of use tecnological of raw material, for example of oxides of iron formed in metallurgical productions, the ecological problem of deleting from a nature of polluting substances is decided also. Phospphatic connecting can be derivated because of low-grade ortho-phosphoric of an acid or phosphate of some productions, being scraps [l]. The materials are named phosphatic, which in the cement of role is executed by salts orthophosphoric acids formed during chemical interaction it with components of an initial mixture. (with) >Ortho-phosphoric an acid or it metallophosphatic (phosphatic connecting) are main and necessary products for production materials of phosphatic formed because of of processes of acidicmain interaction. In this class the connecting phosphoric acid exhibits the most interesting properties by virtue of features of an electronic structure of phosphonun which is included in it structure, and it of ability to organize inorganic polymeric structures. The processes causing harding phosphatic of masses, are complicated, are individual for each structure and are investigated few more. On a course of processes the decisive influence renders bases of substances which are included in the powder of cement, acidity of a liquid base, temperature. Ability phosphatic knitting to organize stable composite communication(connection) between separate component of a material is adjusted by application of oxides various bases, modification of concentration ortho-phosphoric of an acid, heat to temperatures ensuring shaping of ceramic-similar phases, not subject hidrotation [2]. By ancestor of significant number phosphatic connecting, known now, were alumphosphatic connecting, representing metastable solutions phosphates of aluminium. Their synthesis is reduced to dissolution in ortho-phosphoric to an acid of the 65%-s' concentration of a required(demanded) amount of aluminium hidrocead. Time of dissolution 15-20 min, temperature about 100' C. Ready connecting is viscosity a transparent solution [3]. For want of heating phosphatic connecting the rather complicated processes happen, however, in all a temperature interval (1 500 'C) formed those or others crystalline and aMopQHbie of a phase reliably execute a role of cement. A final product of thermal transformations amoMo~oc@aTHoro of connecting any structure is AlP04. Being crystallochamistry by analog of crystal, this junction undergoes polymorphic transformations similar to the transformations Si02. However, if polimorfic of transformation of crystal are accompanied by significant modifications of volume, that can result in destruction of silicate items, the AlP04 extension, called(caused) by similar transitions, less noticeably and not so drastically influences a falling of strength phosphatic of a material. Because of phosphate connecting the various kinds of highly effective water-resistant and heat resisting materi-
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