Prevalence of serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D deficiency in mother with small for gestational age newborns

Background: Vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy has many adverse effects like gestational diabetes, premature delivery,and hypertension.Vitamin D deficiency can also affect the developing fetus and it can result in smallfor gestational agebabies. Objective: To determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the mothers who have small for age neonates. Methodology: It was a cross-sectional study conducted from 18th October 2016 to 17th April 2017 at Obstetrics &GynecologyUnit, Jinnah Hospital, Lahore. All patients included in the study were assessed for having small for gestational age fetus clinically and ultrasonographically and the mode of delivery was decided according to the individual patient's condition. The weight of the neonate was recorded after birth, and 25 hydroxyvitamin D levels of mothers’ blood were done. All data were recorded on the pre-designed Performa and analyzed through statistical software of SPSS version 22. Chi-square test was applied taking p-value ≤ 0.05 as significant. Results: A total of 100 women were included in this study. All of these 100 women had small for gestational age newborns. Mean age of the women included in the study was 31.72±7.19 years. The mean gestational age of the fetus was 38.35±2.32 weeks. Vitamin D deficiency was present in 56% of females included in this study. Conclusion: This study showed that more than half of the mothers who had small for age neonates.