Protective Effect of Dual-wave and Three-wave Guardrail on Coach Collision

In order to study the coach-guardrail collision process, finite element models of a large coach, Q235 dual-wave and three-wave beam guardrails normally utilized on highway were established respectively. Dyna solver was used to simulate the dynamic response process with coach speed 80 km/h and collision angle 20°. The results show: 1) The difference of dual-wave and three-wave guardrails' protective effect on coach collision is obvious; the internal energy absorbed by three-wave beam guardrail is 25.5% higher than the dual-wave guardrail. Therefore, the lost control of the coach can be corrected to normal lane more quickly. Whereas, the protective effect of dual-wave guardrail on the coach is poor, the coach will across the guardrail eventually, which may lead to the occurrence of serious accident. 2) The passenger door and the right side of fuel tank generate quite serious deformation, but will not invade the occupant's survival space. 3) The guardrail absorbs more than 50% of the vehicle initial kinetic energy in collision, which can effectively decrease the impact force transmitted to the occupants and reduce the severity of road accidents.