Analysis of Poverty of Different Countries of the World

The study was carried out since 26th September,2020. The major objective of the study was to analyze poverty of different countries of the world. Total 24 articles were downloaded from the net and read again and again and finally draw the conclusion and result. The result indicates that poverty is measure at different angle in the world but mostly human index are used for poverty measurement where life expectancy, education and per capita income is measured for poverty estimation. The World Bank say that if a person daily consumption is less than 1.90 dollar then he is considered poor. While some time poverty is measured in objective and subjective form. In objective form different variables are taken but in subjective form only feeling of the person is consider for poverty measurement. Similarly in absolute form the basic necessity of life is considered while in relative form only the median of the country income is counted and then the number is counted below the poverty line and divided by total population and percent poverty is estimated. Most recent estimates, in 2015, 10 percent of the world’s population or 734 million people lived on less than $1.90 a day. That’s down from nearly 36 percent or 1.9 billion people in 1990. However, due to the COVID-19 crisis as well as the oil price drop, this trend probably will reverse in 2020. World development report told that in 1990, forty three percent people lived below poverty line. An estimated 1.9 billion people lived in poverty in 1990, and that number fell to 1.2 billion in 2010. At present 9 percent in 2020 means an estimated 690 million people would be still living in extreme poverty. If reached, the world would have 510 million fewer people living in poverty in 2020, compared to a decade earlier. That would be the equivalent of half of the population of the continent of Africa, or more than double the population of Indonesia. Different record of the world measures the poverty at different angle. Now multidimensional factors are used for poverty measurement in the world. There education, literacy, income, food, house and clothes are countable item in poverty measurement. The Qatar per capita income in the world is 132,886 dollars and on the top while the Brundi per capita income is 727 dollars and below among 192 countries of the world. Taiwan has the lowest poverty rate worldwide – only 1.5 percent of Taiwan’s population lives in poverty, followed by Malaysia at 3.8 percent, Ireland at 5.5 percent, Austria at 6.2 percent, then Thailand and France at 7.8 percent, Switzerland at 7.9 percent, Canada at 9.4 percent, the Netherlands at 10.5 percent, and Saudi Arabia at 12.7 percent. The top ten poorest countries of the world are Mozambique, Liberia, Mali, Burkina Faso, Sierra Leone, Burundi, Chad, South Sudan, Central African Republic and Niger. Poverty is a very serious evil in the world which decreases the economic growth of the world. The poor countries of the world everything is weak and because of this they mostly depend on rich countries of the world. Their saving, expenditure and income level are weak. These countries try for development while they never achieve their objectives. The World Bank and IMF have applied the strategy to reduce the poverty in the world and they have launched many programs for the reduction of poverty. Among these programs Million Development Goal program is the well known program which has played great role in the reduction of poverty. Now the world trend in poverty has decreased which was high in the past but due to covid-2019 again the poverty trend of the world was b raised. In different country the situation is different. The poverty in Pakistan was increased to 5 percent and it will be reached to 40%. The poverty is mostly link with economic growth in the world. In 2020 the economic growth of Pakistan is possible 2.4%, so it is very smallest growth in the world and because of this the poverty rate will be increased in 2020. China play great role in poverty reduction and now a day only few people are poor in this country China's poverty reduction performance has been even more striking. Between 1981 and 2004, the fraction of the population consuming below this poverty line fell from 65 percent to 10 percent, and the absolute number of poor fell from 652 million to 135 million, a decline of over half a billion people. The poverty trend in Afghanistan is also high. There the urban poverty is less than the rural area. Among provinces, Badghis, Nooristan, Kunduz, Zabul and Samangan are among the poorest regions, and Kabul, Panjsher, Kapisa, Logar and Pakitlka are the least poor. Herat houses the largest number of multidimensional poor people followed by Nangarhar, Kandahar, Kunduz and Faryab. Kabul is the least poor, but still, 4.5% of all poor people -nearly one out of 20 – live in Kabul.The measurement techniques of poverty are still confused in the world. If we simply consider a nation's gross domestic product (GDP)—the sum total of all goods and services produced by a country during one year, then we would have to conclude that the richest nations are exactly the ones with the largest GDP: United States, China, Japan, and Germany. But how could the economies, for example, of San Marino or Luxembourg ever match that of such powerhouses when they are no more than tiny dots on the world map?. The main causes of poverty of the world are inequality and marginalization, conflict, hunger, malnutrition, and stunting, poor healthcare systems, little or no access to clean water, sanitation, and hygiene, climate change, lack of education, poor public works and infrastructure, lack of government support, lack of reserves. On the basis of problems the study recommends that to improve the education system of the world;Infrastructure should be developed where is poverty;Hunger, malnutrition and stunting should be controlled;Health care system should be developed for poverty elevation;Clean water, Sanitation and good hygiene system should be provided to community of the world;School system should be developed;Government support should be provided in the time of emergency;Inequality and marginalization should be removed in the world;Free conflict world zone should be established;Livelihood source should be multiplied in the world.