有中心势的粒子相对论狄拉克方程的简单解及一个例子

H. Erbil
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引用次数: 1

摘要

在以往的研究中,对于球对称势,我们找到了径向薛定谔方程通解的简单方法,而不做任何近似。波函数总是周期性的。可能会遇到两个困难:一是求解方程E=U(r),其中E和U(r)分别为总势能和有效势能;二是计算积分∫█〖√(U(r)) dr〗。如果这些计算不能用解析法来进行,那么就应该用数值方法来进行。为了求出基态的能量(最小能量),不需要计算这个积分,只要找到经典的转折点就足够了,即解出方程E=U(r)。我们已经把这个简单的程序应用到很多非相对论的情况中。在这篇简短的文章中,用这个简单的程序,解出了任何形式的中心势阱中的粒子的相对论狄拉克方程,而不作任何近似。将其应用于类氢原子,并与其它结果进行了比较
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
A Simple Solution of the Relativistic Dirac Equation for a Particle in a Central Potential and an Example
In previous studies, a simple procedure for the general solution of the radial Schrodinger equation has been found for spherical symmetric potentials without making any approximation. The wave functions are always periodic. Two difficulties may be encountered: one is to solve the equation, E=U(r), where E and U(r) are the total and effective potential energies, respectively; and the other is to calculate the integral, ∫▒〖√(U(r))  dr 〗. If these calculations cannot be made analytically, it should then be performed by numerical methods. To find the energy of the ground state (minimum energy), there is no need to calculate this integral, it is sufficient to find the classical turning points, that is to solve the equation, E=U(r). We have applied this simple procedure to a lot of non-relativistic cases.  In this short article, by using this simple procedure, the relativistic Dirac equation for a particle in central potential well of any form was solved without making any approximation. It has been applied to the hydrogen-like atom and the results have been compared with the other results
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