{"title":"心理科学遇见易受骗的后真相世界","authors":"D. Myers","doi":"10.4324/9780429203787-5","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"For us researcher-educators, the spread of misinformation is troubling. In the United States, for example, we feel distressed when public understandings radically diverge from reality—when voters believe, contrary to evidence, that crime is rising, that new immigrants are often criminals, that under Obama unemployment rose, and that climate change is a hoax. Such gullibility crosses partisan lines. Most U.S. Democrats wrongly believed inflation had risen under Republican president Ronald Reagan. And most Republicans believed that taxes and unemployment had increased under Democratic president Barack Obama. Some misinformation is intentional fake news—“lies in the guise of news.” But social-cognitive dynamics also feed gullibility. There is persuasive power to mere repetition, the availability heuristic, confirmation bias, self-justification, statistical illiteracy, group polarization, and overconfidence. And there is counteracting, truth-supportive power to evidence-based scientific scrutiny, education into critical thinking, and the religious mandate for humility.","PeriodicalId":141936,"journal":{"name":"The Social Psychology of Gullibility","volume":"766 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2019-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"9","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Psychological Science Meets a Gullible Post-Truth World\",\"authors\":\"D. Myers\",\"doi\":\"10.4324/9780429203787-5\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"For us researcher-educators, the spread of misinformation is troubling. In the United States, for example, we feel distressed when public understandings radically diverge from reality—when voters believe, contrary to evidence, that crime is rising, that new immigrants are often criminals, that under Obama unemployment rose, and that climate change is a hoax. Such gullibility crosses partisan lines. Most U.S. Democrats wrongly believed inflation had risen under Republican president Ronald Reagan. And most Republicans believed that taxes and unemployment had increased under Democratic president Barack Obama. Some misinformation is intentional fake news—“lies in the guise of news.” But social-cognitive dynamics also feed gullibility. There is persuasive power to mere repetition, the availability heuristic, confirmation bias, self-justification, statistical illiteracy, group polarization, and overconfidence. And there is counteracting, truth-supportive power to evidence-based scientific scrutiny, education into critical thinking, and the religious mandate for humility.\",\"PeriodicalId\":141936,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"The Social Psychology of Gullibility\",\"volume\":\"766 1\",\"pages\":\"0\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2019-04-03\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"9\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"The Social Psychology of Gullibility\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429203787-5\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"The Social Psychology of Gullibility","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429203787-5","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
Psychological Science Meets a Gullible Post-Truth World
For us researcher-educators, the spread of misinformation is troubling. In the United States, for example, we feel distressed when public understandings radically diverge from reality—when voters believe, contrary to evidence, that crime is rising, that new immigrants are often criminals, that under Obama unemployment rose, and that climate change is a hoax. Such gullibility crosses partisan lines. Most U.S. Democrats wrongly believed inflation had risen under Republican president Ronald Reagan. And most Republicans believed that taxes and unemployment had increased under Democratic president Barack Obama. Some misinformation is intentional fake news—“lies in the guise of news.” But social-cognitive dynamics also feed gullibility. There is persuasive power to mere repetition, the availability heuristic, confirmation bias, self-justification, statistical illiteracy, group polarization, and overconfidence. And there is counteracting, truth-supportive power to evidence-based scientific scrutiny, education into critical thinking, and the religious mandate for humility.