Potensi Pemanfaatan Formulasi Pupuk Organik Sumber Daya Lokal untuk Budidaya Kubis (Potential Use Formulation of Fertilizer Local Natural Resources for Cabbage Plantation)

Pemupukan organik banyak memberikan kontribusi pada perlindungan lingkungan dan masa depan kehidupan manusia serta menjamin keberlanjutan bagi agroekosistem dan kehidupan petani sebagai pelaku pertanian. Sumber daya lokal dipergunakan sedemikian rupa sehingga unsur hara sintetis, biomassa, dan energi dapat ditekan serendah mungkin serta mampu mencegah pencemaran lingkungan. Penelitian bertujuan mendapatkan formulasi pupuk organik sumber daya lokal untuk budidaya sayuran kubis. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Berastagi dengan ketinggian tempat 1.340 m dpl. dan jenis tanah Andisol. Penelitian dilaksanakan mulai bulan Agustus sampai November 2015. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) terdiri atas enam perlakuan dengan lima ulangan. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah: (A) POC kirinyuh, (B) kotoran kelinci plus (Kotciplus), (C) POC orok-orok, (D) POC kirinyuh + urin kelinci (1 : 1 v/v), (E) POC orok-orok + urin kelinci (1 : 1 v/v), dan (F) kontrol (pupuk kimia sintetis). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pupuk organik Kotciplus dapat memacu pertumbuhan dan hasil kubis lebih baik daripada pupuk kimia sintetis. Penggunaan pupuk organik Kotciplus dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman kubis sebesar 4,42%, lebar daun sebesar 4,78%, diameter krop sebesar 3,26%, bobot krop per tanaman sebesar 7,13%, dan produksi per plot sebesar 2,43% dibanding penggunaan pupuk kimia sintetis. Penggunaan pupuk organik dapat menekan serangan penyakit akar gada sebesar 19,06 – 57,01%, namun meningkatkan serangan hama 12,12 – 27,5% dari kontrol. Implikasi yang diperoleh adalah pupuk organik Kotciplus sangat cocok untuk budidaya kubis.KeywordsBrassica oleracea var. capitata L.; Pupuk organikAbstractOrganic fertilization contributes to the protection of the environment and the future of human life. Organic farming also guarantees the sustainability of the agro-ecosystems and the lives of farmers as agricultural factors. Local resources are used in a way that synthetic nutrients, biomass, and energy can be reduced as low as possible and be able to prevent environmental pollution. The aim of the research is to extract local resources of organic fertilizer for the cultivation of vegetable cabbage. The study was conducted in Berastagi Experimental Garden with less altitude of 1,340 m above sea level and type of soil Andisol. The research was conducted from August to November 2015. The design used was a randomized block design, consist of six treatments with five replications. The treatments tested were: (A) LOF (liquid organic fertilizer) kirinyuh, (B) manure rabbit plus (Kotciplus), (C). LOF sunn hemp, (D) LOF kirinyuh + rabbit urine (1: 1 v/v), (E) LOF sunn hemp + rabbit urine (1: 1 v/v) and (F) control (synthetic chemical fertilizers). The results obtained are : Natural Kotciplus fertilizer can stimulate the growth and yield of cabbage were better than synthetic chemical fertilizers. The use of natural Kotciplus fertilizer can increase the high growth 4.42% cabbage, leaf diameter 4.78%, crop diameter 3.26%, the weight of the crop per plant 7.13% and the production per plot 2, 43% compared to the use of chemical synthetic fertilizers. The use of natural fertilizers can suppress the attack of the clubroot disease by 19.06 % to 57.01%, but increased pest attacks 12.12 - 27.5% of controls. The implication is that natural Kotciplus fertilizer is very suitable for cabbage cultivation.