Analoa technigues - Session 29

To achieve accuracy, stable references and well matched circuits are typically required. In the fust paper, techniques for designing bandgap reference voltages that operate with low-voltage supplies are explored and many different approaches are illustrated. In the second paper, the trade-off between device matching and die area is explored with the goal of simultaneously minimizing the device mismatches and die area of a bandgap reference. An alternate approach to implementing a reference is to trim the circuit after fabrication. The use of trimmable floating gates is used in the third paper to implement a temperature, process and supply independent reference voltage.