Comparative analysis of Joint External Evaluation (JEE) and Self-Assessment Annual Reporting (SPAR) as an evaluation of infectious disease management in ODA partner countries

According to IHR(International Health Regualtion, 2005), WHO requires member countries to evaluate their infectious disease response capabilities, and recommends all WHO member countries to conduct annual SPAR(State Parties Self-Assessment Annual Reporting) and multi-year JEE(Joint External Evaluation). In this study, we analyze the infectious disease response capabilities of 44 ODA partner countries for SPAR and JEE, and based on this, we intend to provide guidelines necessary for developing programs to strengthen the required infectious disease response capabilities. JEE and SPAR are used as useful data to evaluate and compare health security capabilities by country. It is academically meaningful to analyze how properly the evaluation results of JEE and SPAR as health security indicators are actually reflected in COVID-19 quarantine. The data used here was analyzed by linking JEE and SPAR data with Our World in Data, which can be seen as a result of COVID-19 response capabilities. As a result of this study, comparing JEE and SPAR evaluation results, the two evaluations appeared to be equally vulnerable areas in pharmaceutical support, health and medical personnel deployment, and public health crisis preparation, and as a result, there was no significant difference in the two evaluation tools. As a result of the regression analysis, all evaluation indicators of SPAR and JEE were compared and analyzed with the response effect of Corona 19, and no statistically significant results were obtained. Even as a result of analyzing the combined JEE and SPAR scores, there are many countries with very good evaluation scores even though the loss of life and economic loss due to Corona 19 is very serious. Whether these contradictory results are JEE or SPAR evaluation indexes or evaluation systems needs to be proven through future studies. Even countries with excellent health security capabilities in JEE or SPAR may have problems with reliability of overall infectious disease-related data if they are passive in disclosing information on outbreaks of infectious diseases to the outside. In the future, Korea's health ODA project will be an opportunity to increase effectiveness when JEE & SPAR reports with well-managed quality are used to overcome data reliability issues.