弹丸对特殊防护结构的冲击作用及提高其防护能力的方法

A. Andrukhiv, A. Baranov, N. Huzyk, B. Sokil, M. Sokil
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引用次数: 0

摘要

提出了一种研究防护结构弹性元件对壳体一系列冲击作用的反应的方法。在工作中,保护结构的弹性单元采用均质梁建模,壳的动力作用采用瞬时点施加力模拟。建立了该动态过程的数学模型,该模型是一个具有不规则右侧的双曲型方程的边值问题。后者是用狄拉克函数描述的。考虑了保护元件固定端和自由端两种情况。本文的研究采用了微扰法的主要思想。保护元件弹性变形描述的解析依赖关系是定义其强度特性的基础。它们和建立在特定情况下的图形依赖关系表明,在弹丸靠近其中部的情况下,固定端保护元件的动态变形更大,同时对于更接近末端的自由端。对于保护结构的现代化,可以通过使用弹性加固或改变固定保护元件两端的方法来减少对其元件的动力影响:弹性或具有一定的承载面倾斜角。建议采用特种塑料、土层、柔性木地板等作为弹性加固材料。工作中使用的技术是确定防护元件强度特性的基础,并以此来校核防护结构的可靠性;考虑防护结构弹性元件非线性特性的防护结构及类似结构的动力学研究;防护结构元件更复杂振动的研究。在一系列冲击的情况下,很明显,每次冲击后保护元件的挠度幅度会随着时间的推移而增加,因为模型没有考虑粘弹性摩擦的力。这些任务将是进一步研究的主题。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Impact action of a projectiles on special protective structures and ways to increase their protective capacity
A method for studying the reaction of elastic elements of protective structures to a series of impact actions of shells has been developed. In the work, the elastic elements of the protective structure are modeled by homogeneous beams, and the dynamic action of the shells is simulated by instantaneous point-applied forces. A mathematical model of this dynamic process is constructed, which is a boundary value problem for a hyperbolic equation with an irregular right-hand side. The latter is described using Dirac delta functions. Cases of both fixed and free ends of protective elements are considered. The main ideas of perturbation methods are used for the researches carried out in the work. Analytical dependences for the description of elastic deformations of a protective element which are basic for definition of its strength characteristics are received. They and the graphical dependences built on their basis for specific cases show that the dynamic deformations of the protective element for the fixed ends are greater in the case of the projectile closer to its middle, at the same time for the free ends – closer to the end. With regard to the modernization of protective structures, the dynamic effect on their elements can be reduced by using elastic reinforcement or changing the method of fixing the ends of the protective element: elastic or with a certain angle of inclination of the bearing surfaces. It is proposed to use special plastics, soil layer, flexible wood flooring, etc. as elastic reinforcement. The technique used in the work is the basis for determining the strength characteristics of protective elements, and from so – to check the reliability of the protective structure; study of the dynamics of protective and similar types of structures, taking into account the nonlinear characteristics of the elastic elements of protective structures; study of more complex oscillations of elements of protective structures. In the case of a series of impacts, it is obvious that the amplitude of deflection of the protective element after each impact will increase over time, because the model does not take into account the force of viscoelastic friction. These tasks will be the subject of further research.
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