普拉提方法和运动疗法在孕妇腰痛中的应用:综合综述

Gabriele Silva Faria, Ana Emilia Alves dos Santos, Dalmo de Moura Costa, Fernando josé Santana Carregosa, F.O. Carvalho, A. A. Rezende
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引用次数: 0

摘要

妊娠期的特点是女性身体的一些变化,这些变化来自机械和/或激素活动。发生了一些变化,主要目的是维持和促进胎儿的健康发育。腰痛是怀孕期间主要的肌肉骨骼疾病之一,据估计,超过50%的孕妇受到腰痛的影响,尤其是在怀孕的第三个月。物理疗法,通过运动疗法和普拉提方法,使妊娠腰痛的治疗,以及预防这种疾病。因此,研究的总体目标是调查普拉提方法和运动疗法对腰痛孕妇的益处。因此,具体目标是了解妊娠期的生物力学变化,了解妊娠期最常见的病理变化,了解所谓的妊娠期腰痛,了解物理治疗在孕妇护理中的重要性,了解普拉提方法和运动疗法在女性生命这一阶段的应用。因此,这是一篇定性文献的综合综述,在准备过程中,使用了以下描述词:“孕妇”、“腰痛”、“普拉提方法”、“运动疗法”,分别使用葡萄牙语、英语和西班牙语。该作品创作于2022年3月至5月之间。2012年至2022年被确定为一个分界线,重点和优先考虑过去5年的研究。参考的数据库有:科学电子图书馆在线(SciELO)、PEDRo和虚拟健康图书馆(BVS)。这项研究的主要发现是有证据表明,普拉提方法在治疗妊娠期肌肉骨骼疼痛的随机临床试验中,比对照组使用的非治疗方法要优越得多。普拉提方法也有利于控制滑脱的进展,增加活动性、功能性和功能能力,增加腹部和盆底肌肉的力量和阻力。也有证据表明,建议孕妇定期进行体育锻炼,强度适中,每周150分钟,每周3天,每次30至60分钟不等。此外,结论是运动疗法和普拉提方法已被应用于治疗和预防妊娠腰痛。两者都是改善身体状况、改善睡眠、缓解疼痛和妊娠过程引起的肌肉骨骼不适所必需的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Application of the Pilates method and kinesiotherapeutic approach in pregnant women with low back pain: an integrative review
The gestational period is characterized by several changes in the female body, which come from mechanical and/or hormonal activities. A number of changes take place with the main objective of maintaining and facilitating the healthy development of the fetus. Low back pain is one of the main musculoskeletal complaints referred to during pregnancy, and it is estimated that more than 50% of pregnant women are affected by low back pain, especially in the third trimester of pregnancy. Physiotherapy, through kinesiotherapy and the Pilates method, enables the treatment of gestational low back pain, as well as the prevention of this disorder. Thus, the general objective of the research is to investigate the benefits of the Pilates method and kinesiotherapy in pregnant women with low back pain. Therefore, the specific objectives are to know the biomechanical changes of the gestational period, to understand the most common pathological changes that occur in the pregnancy period, to understand the so-called gestational low back pain, to know about the importance of physiotherapy in the care of pregnant women and to learn about the Pilates method and kinesiotherapy applied in this phase of female life. It is, therefore, an integrative review of the literature of a qualitative nature, and, for its preparation, the following descriptors were used: "Pregnant women", "Lumbar pain", "Pilates method", "Exercise therapy" in Portuguese , English and Spanish. The work was produced in the year 2022, between the months of March and May. The years 2012 to 2022 were established as a delimitation, with emphasis and preference being given to research from the last 5 years. The databases consulted were: Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), PEDRo and the Virtual Health Library (BVS). The main finding of this research was the evidence that the Pilates method is extremely superior to the non-treatment used by the control groups of randomized clinical trials for the treatment of gestational musculoskeletal pain. The Pilates method was also beneficial for controlling the progression of diastasis, increasing mobility, functionality and functional capacity, increasing strength and resistance of the abdominal and pelvic floor muscles. It was also evidenced that the regular practice of physical exercises is recommended for pregnant women, being the moderate intensity, the duration of 150 minutes per week distributed in the frequency of 3 days a week, in sessions that vary between 30 and 60 minutes. Furthermore, it is concluded that kinesiotherapy and the Pilates method have been applied for the treatment and prevention of gestational low back pain. Both are necessary for the improvement of physical conditioning, sleep improvement, pain relief and musculoskeletal discomfort caused by the gestational process.
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