中欧和东欧的大学和区域发展——远不明显

Zsofia Miskolczi, Katalin Erdős
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引用次数: 1

摘要

研究人员和政策制定者对高等教育机构作为创新参与者的兴趣日益浓厚,部分原因是由于国际知名的例子,如硅谷、128号公路、三角研究区或牛桥地区,仅举几例。然而,在历史上发展道路、体制、经济和社会背景不同的其他地区复制这些成功故事并非易事。该研究旨在介绍关于大学在中欧和东欧外围国家区域发展中的作用的最重要的发现。特别强调了那些可能阻碍大学成功发挥区域发展作用的因素。研究方法采用文献调查法。现有的经验证据表明,如果中欧和东欧国家希望看到他们的大学为他们周围的发展做出贡献,他们将面临许多挑战。在制定政策和措施之前,必须分析和了解社会主义传统、公司的低吸收能力、大学和工业的研究兴趣之间的不匹配以及个人动机。在创新政策的设计和实施中,必须考虑中欧和东欧独特的科学、经济和社会的历史发展路径。如果不这样做,单纯地转移高科技地区的要素和解决方案,是不可能取得成功的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Universities and Regional Development in Central and Eastern Europe – Far from being obvious
THE PAPER The increased interest of researchers and policy makers towards higher educational institutions as inno vation actors is partly due to internationally well-known examples of the Silicon Valley, Route 128, the Research Triangle or Oxbridge area, just to mention a few. However, the replication of these success stories in other regions that have historically different development paths, institutional, economic and social con - texts is not an easy task. The study aims to introduce the most important findings on the role of universities in regional development in peripheral Central and Eastern European countries. A special emphasis is given to those factors that can impede universities’ successful regional developmental role. METHODOLOGY The paper is based on literature survey. The existing empirical evidences suggest that the Central and Eastern European countries face many chal lenges if they wish to see their universities contributing to the development of their surroundings. The socialist heritage, the low absorptive capacity of companies, the mismatch between the research interest of universities and industry, and the individual motivations all has to be analysed and understood before developing policies and measures. The unique historical development path of science, economy and society in Central and Eastern Europe has to be considered at the design and implementation of innovation policies. Failing to do so and simply trying to transfer elements and solutions of high-tech regions is unlikely to lead to success.
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