格列尔斯克:没有降临的城镇。

O. Bondar
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文致力于研究切尔尼耶夫地区赫斯克等定居点的城市进程历史。这个村庄的独特之处在于它的发展始于古代,可能直到今天都没有停止,这是北左岸地区所独有的。根据文字资料、地图资料以及考古资料,本文试图确定该聚落发展的主要阶段。另一个特点是,它不时地从村庄变成城镇,反之亦然。在城市规划方面,赫斯克的独特之处在于其中世纪的规划结构,在城市的中心部分被保留下来。它包括一座坐落在一座古老山丘上的城堡,城堡前的集市广场,教堂建筑群和至少在十六世纪至十七世纪形成的街道系统。此外,由于来自赫斯克市历史资料的信息,有可能或多或少清楚地追溯自15世纪末到21世纪初的人口变化动态。此外,在这项工作中,我试图找出为什么赫斯克在其存在的第一阶段具有成为城市的所有潜力,却没有变成城市的原因。很明显,在发展中发挥关键作用的是它作为一个私有定居点的城镇地位,以及有限的影响力,尽管它是一个重要但不发达的农业郊区。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Gіrsk: town that did not befell.
The article is devoted to the history of urban processes of such a settlement as Hirsk in Chernihiv region. The uniqueness of this village is that its development began in ancient times and probably has not stopped until today, which is unique to the region of the North Left Bank. On the basis of written, cartographic sources, as well as archaeological materials, the article attempts to identify the main stages of development of this settlement. Another feature is that from time to time it changed its status from village to town and vice versa. In terms of urban planning, Hirsk uniqueness is in its medieval planning structure that has been preserved in the central part of the city. It includes a motte-and-bailey castle of the owner, which was located on an ancient hillfort, a market square in front of it, church complexes and a system of streets that was formed at least in the XVI-XVII centuries. Also, due to the information from the historical sources for the Hirsk city, it is possible to more or less clearly trace the dynamics of population change since the end of the XV century and until the beginning of the XXI century. Also in this work was made an attempt to single out the reasons why Hirsk, having all the potentials becoming a city at the first stage of its existence, did not turn into it. It is clear that the key role in development was played by its town status as a privately owned settlement, as well as limited influence, albeit a significant but underdeveloped agricultural suburb.
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