Clinical observation of injection of triamcinolone acetonide into the anterior chamber for anterior uveitis after cataract combined with anti-glaucoma surgery

Background Anterior uveitis is a common complication following the combination procedure of cataract extraction and anti-glaucoma surgery.More and more researches demonstrated the anti-inflammatory effectiveness of intraocular injection of triamcinolone acetonide (TA).Objective This study aims to observe the anti-inflammatory effectiveness of anterior chamber injection of TA for anterior uveitis following cataract extraction combined with anti-glaucoma surgery.Methods This is a case-control study.The clinical data from 42 eyes of 42 cases underwent the combination surgery of catarat extraction and anti-glaucoma was retrospectively reviewed and analyzed.The operation was performed by the same ophthalmologist on all patients.Twenty-one eyes (21 case) receiving conjunctiva injection of dexamethasone (Dex) in intraoperation served as the control group and the matched cases who received anterior chamber injections of TA in intraoperation were regarded as the TA group.The anterior uveitis was graded according to the Standard of Yang~([3]),and the intraocular pressure(IOP) was measured 1,3,and 7 days after surgery.Written informed consent was obtained from each patient before the initiation of any study protocol.Results The numbers of eyes with severe anterior uvetitis were significantly decreased 1,3,7 days after operation in the TA group in comparison with the Dex group (χ~2=10.857,P=0.028;χ~2=8.467,P=0.037;χ~2=11.286,P=0.004 ).No significant differences were found in IOP values between the TA group and the Dex group 1,3,7 days after operation (19.12±3.27 versus 19.49±3.23mmHg,t=0.469,P=0.644;17.91±1.95 versus 17.06±2.90mmHg,t=1.257,P=0.223;13.67±1.68 versus 13.05±1.66mmHg,t=1.201,P=0.237,respectively).Mild edema of corneal endothelium was seen in the early stage after operation and dissipated 4 days later in both groups,no significant differences were found between the TA group and the Dex group (P＞0.05).Conclusion TA can effectively inhibit the inflammatory reaction of anterior uvea after cataract combination with anti-glaucoma surgery.No severe adverse effect is found after anterior chamber injection of TA. Key words: combination procedure of cataract extraction and anti-glaucoma; triamcinolone acetonide; uvea