斯特劳森,责任和情感

E. Loginov
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文分析了斯特劳森研究道德责任现象的方法。首先,介绍了Strawson方法的关键。接着是对它的批评。根据我的解释,斯特劳森方法的关键在于(1)对责任负责(2)对情绪反应负责。我表明,虽然论点(1)与一般观点相矛盾,但它是可以辩护的。我对第二个论点进行了批判,并表明既存在没有情感的责任承担,也存在没有责任的情感体验。不带感情地承担责任既可以由一个不带感情的理性主体完成,也可以由一个不熟悉自己感情的理性主体完成。如果一个人不把自己的情感作为一种责备或赞扬的方式,那么在不追究任何人责任的情况下体验情感是可能的。如果我们能把情绪反应和责任分离开来,那么这两者之间就没有基础关系了。因此,我们可以重新考虑斯特劳森关于道德责任的观点。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
STRAWSON, RESPONSIBILITY, AND EMOTIONS
This article presents an analysis of P.F. Strawson’s approach to the phenomenon of moral responsibility. First, the crux of Strawson’s approach is introduced. It is then followed by a critique of it. The crux of Strawson’s approach according to my interpretation is (1) to ground being responsible in holding responsible and (2) to ground holding responsible in emotional reactions. I show that although the thesis (1) contradicts the ordinary point of view, it can be defended. I criticize the second thesis and show that there is both holding responsible without emotion and the experience of emotion without holding responsible. Holding responsible without emotion can be accomplished by a non-emotional rational agent as well as by a rational agent who is not well versed in his/her feelings. It is possible to experience emotion without holding anyone responsible if one does not use one’s emotion as a way of blaming or praising. If we can separate emotional responses from holding responsible, then there is no grounding relation between the two. Consequently, we are in a position to reconsider Strawson’s view of moral responsibility.
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