长期复发性心肌梗死危险因素调整的依从性:一项随机研究

A. Sitovskyi, O. Andriichuk, O. Yakobson, Nataliia Ulianytska, O. Usova
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的:研究长期复发性心肌梗死危险因素改变意识与承诺的关系。材料与方法:为研究心肌梗死(MI)危险因素知晓率及二级预防依从性,建立有代表性的样本。在接受心肌梗死治疗的912例患者中,考虑到年龄(65岁以下和65岁以上)和性别在人群中的比例分布,333例患者被随机化。患者平均年龄为62.5±9.8岁,男性占70.27%,女性占29.73%。患者对危险因素的认识、预防措施的使用以及对治疗的依从性根据问卷进行评估。使用统计程序STATISTICA 12.5 (StatSoft.Inc)对所得材料进行统计处理。结果以均数和标准差(M±s)、选项数(n)表示。为了比较定性特征(频率表),采用χ2检验和Fisher精确检验。所有参与者都被告知研究的目的,并给予参与研究的书面同意。结果:在疾病长期内,对改变复发性梗死危险因素的认知度(Aw)和承诺度(Cm)较低:减少脂肪摄入Aw 16.52%, Cm 19.4%;经常食用蔬菜和水果:Aw 11.41%, Cm 9.7%;戒烟法15.92%,Cm 11.04%;酒精消费量下降:Aw 16,52%, Cm 10,70%;增加体力活动Aw 14,41%, Cm 12,37%;重量损失与其过量aw3.0%, Cm 2.34%;避免应力Aw 28.53%, Cm 18.06%。尽管绝大多数病人都得到了医生的适当建议。结论:对改变心脏病危险因素可能性的认识不足与心肌梗死后未能实施此类非药物二级预防措施有关:减少脂肪摄入量(χ2=65,12;p= 0000)和经常食用蔬菜和水果(F p= 0000),不愿意戒烟(F p= 0000)和减少饮酒(F p= 0000),不愿意增加体育锻炼(χ2=17,61;p= 0000),超重时减轻重量(F p= 0.015),避免应力(χ2=27,42;p = 0000)。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Compliance to modification of risk factors for recurrent myocardial infarction in the long term of the disease: a randomized study
Purpose: to study the relationship between awareness and commitment to modifying risk factors for recurrent myocardial infarction in a long period of the disease. Material & Methods: to study the awareness of risk factors and adherence to secondary prevention of myocardial infarction (MI), a representative sample was created. Of 912 patients treated for myocardial infarction, 333 patients were randomized, taking into account proportional distribution in the population by age (under 65 and over 65 years) and gender. The average age of patients was 62.5±9.8 years: 70,27% of men and 29,73% of women. Patients' awareness of risk factors, the use of preventive measures and adherence to treatment were assessed on the basis of a questionnaire. Statistical processing of the obtained material was carried out using the statistical program STATISTICA 12.5 (StatSoft.Inc). Results are presented as mean and standard deviation (M±s), number of options (n). To compare the qualitative characteristics (frequency tables), the χ2 test and Fisher's exact test were used. All participants were informed about the aims of the study and gave written consent to participate in the study. Results: low awareness (Aw) and commitment (Cm) to the modification of such risk factors for recurrent infarction in a long period of the disease as: reduced fat intake Aw 16,52%, Cm 19,4%; regular consumption of vegetables and fruits Aw 11,41%, Cm 9,7%; smoking cessation Aw 15,92%, Cm 11,04%; decrease in alcohol consumption Aw 16,52%, Cm 10,70%; increased physical activity Aw 14,41%, Cm 12,37%; weight loss with its excess Aw 3,0%, Cm 2,34%; avoidance of stress Aw 28,53%, Cm 18,06%. Although the vast majority of patients received appropriate recommendations from the doctor. Conclusions: low awareness of the possibility of modifying heart disease risk factors is associated with the failure to implement such non-pharmacological measures in secondary prevention after MI: decrease in fat intake (χ2=65,12; p=0,000) and regular consumption of vegetables and fruits (F p=0,000), unwillingness to quit smoking (F p=0,000) and decrease in alcohol consumption (F p=0,000), unwillingness to increase physical activity (χ2=17,61; p=0,000) and reduce weight in case of its excess (F p=0,015), avoiding stress (χ2=27,42; p=0,000).
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