Forgiveness, Reconciliation, and Healing

SUMMARY This article explores two questions: “Are forgiveness and reconciliation synonymous?” and “Are both forgiveness and reconciliation necessary for psychological healing?” The questions are discussed in the context of abuse. A process model of forgiveness is described and relevant research is summarized. The author concludes that forgiveness and reconciliation are not synonymous and, therefore, abuse victims may benefit from choosing to forgive even without reconciling with their abusers.