概述了20世纪初苏梅的汽车交通史。

D. Kudinov
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本出版物的目的是揭示苏梅汽车运动作为一项社会事业的本质,描述其主要趋势,并指出个人在当地汽车运动发展中的作用。由于缺乏对这一主题的科学调查,以及需要补充俄罗斯帝国汽车主义发展的总体情况,因此研究的话题性是先决条件。本文考虑了苏梅汽车交通的各个方面(“汽车运动”的概念是指一种社会现象):汽车交易、汽车修理、当地交通规则的引入、汽车事故、司机和车主阶层的形成、他们参加比赛和集会。特别是,Sumy Kaidansky的第一家汽车经销商和他的竞争对手Poguliaichenko的业务被提到,以及Gerenshtein-Yankovsky汽车修理店的存在。详细说明了1908年苏梅市杜马通过的主要交通规则。在当地媒体报道的基础上,分析了典型的汽车参与的交通违法行为:马车撞车、超速、酒驾、超车和行人。特别值得注意的是驾驶者的公共组织-成立于1912年的苏梅汽车俱乐部。特别是对俱乐部章程的主要条款、会员的权利和义务进行了分析。它的一些成员的名字已经被指定。对该组织的活动及其在全俄汽车交通中的地位进行了评估。本书强调了汽车主义的狂热者——企业家伊万·列什钦斯基和爱德华·凯丹斯基的作用。特别提到了他们参加比赛和跑步。与此同时,凯丹斯基车队乘坐米切尔汽车参加的莫斯科-柏林-巴黎拉力赛被更广泛地报道。此外,列什钦斯基车库的汽车品牌被命名,并透露了糖生产商帕维尔·Kharitonenko对汽车的偏好。分析了苏梅区政府部门轿车的外观,确定了地方政府在经济需求中使用部门轿车的必要性。明确了地方自治机关在向军事部门使用运输工具方面的职责。一些为私人和地方政府工作的司机的名字被确认了。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The outline of the history of automobile traffic in the early twentieth century in Sumy.
The purpose of the publication is to reveal the essence of automobile movement in Sumy as a social cause, to describe its main tendencies and indicate the role of individuals in the development of local motorism. The topicality of the research is preconditioned by the lack of scientific investigation on this topic, as well as the need to supplement the general picture of the development of motorism in the Russian Empire. Various aspects of automobile traffic in Sumy have been considered (the concept of “automobile movement” is indicated in the meaning of a social phenomenon): auto trade, auto repair, the introduction of local traffic rules, automobile accidents, the formation of a stratum of drivers and car owners, their participation in races and rallies. In particular, the businesses of the owner of the first car dealership in Sumy Kaidansky and his competitor Poguliaichenko are mentioned as well as the existence of the Gerenshtein-Yankovsky auto repair shop. The main traffic rules adopted by the Sumy City Duma in 1908 are specified. On the basis of reports of the local press, typical traffic violations with the participation of cars are analyzed: crashes with horse-drawn vehicles, speeding, drunk driving, cutting in buildings and pedestrians. Special attention is paid to the public organization of motorists – Sumy Automobile Club established in 1912. In particular, the main provisions of the club’s statute, the rights and obligations of its participants have been analyzed. The names of some of its members have been specified. The activity of the organization and its place in the all-Russian automobile traffic have been assessed. The role of Sumy passionaries of motorism – entrepreneurs Ivan Leshchinsky and Eduard Kaidansky is emphasized. In particular, their participation in races and runs is mentioned. At the same time, the Moscow – Berlin – Paris rally where the Kaidansky team took part on a Mitchell car is covered more widely. Also, the brands of cars of Leshchinsky’s garage are named and the preferences for the cars of the sugar producer Pavel Kharitonenko are revealed. The appearance of departmental cars at the Sumy district administration is analyzed, the need for their use in the economic needs of the local government is determined. The duties of the zemstvo in the use of transport to the military department are clarified. The names of some of the chauffeurs who worked for private individuals and in the zemstvo are identified.
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