Use of Pupillometry for Emotion Recognition and Ophthalmology Studies: A Systematic Review

In recent years, the study of emotion has increased due to the interaction of humans with the machine. It is helpful to interpret human actions and to improve the relationship between humans and machines for developing software that can understand the human states and can take action accordingly. The most accurate approach to recognize emotions, pupil diameter (PD) has been discussed in this study. The reason for selecting this approach is that it is directly controlled by the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) and is easy to detect. The main aim of this paper is to recognize the difference in pupil diameter due to the positive and negative emotional states of a person. Numerous researches have proposed different methods for detecting emotions by using pupillary response and achieved reliable accuracy. The study showed that the pupil diameter is influenced by different video, image, and script content indicating the state of the user. This study provides empirical evidence demonstrating how changes in the state of the user can be unobtrusively identified.