William Jou, S. Beaulieu, Adrienne K. Lim, E. MacDonald
{"title":"绿野仙踪实验演示用水减少和用户培训与“自主”水龙头","authors":"William Jou, S. Beaulieu, Adrienne K. Lim, E. MacDonald","doi":"10.1115/detc2019-98468","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"\n Resource-conserving products and commercial smart products abound in the market, but the intersection of the two is largely unexplored from the human-centered-design community. Research has shown that people (users) have different cognitive styles that influence their methods of approaching challenges and how they interpret the world. Utilizing this knowledge of cognitive styles, energy conserving products could (1) reduce resource consumption of its users and (2) increase user satisfaction with interacting with those products. Passive products — such as a flow-limiting showerhead — do not seek to change the user behavior and solely change the behavior of the product to conserve water. In this work, we design and test an “active smart” product to see if it can change users through product interaction. A custom faucet was designed and built to conduct an experiment with the Wizard of Oz (WoZ) technique of remotely operating a device to create the impression of autonomy/smartness. Participants were asked to wash multiple sets of dishes to test if: (1) participants use less water when washing dishes with a smart faucet and (2) participants remember this behavior change and use less water in a alter interaction with a normal faucet. Results confirmed the hypotheses and showed that those interacting with the faucet reduced their consumption by 26.5% during WoZ treatment and, importantly, 10.9% while washing after interacting with the WoZ treatment. Limitations include the implementation of the smart algorithm and the willingness-to-pay for a smart faucet in the home. This study demonstrates that smart products can conserve resources and train for further conservation even when the user is not using the smart product.","PeriodicalId":143350,"journal":{"name":"Volume 7: 31st International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2019-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"2","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"A Wizard-of-Oz Experiment to Demonstrate Water Reduction and User Training With an “Autonomous” Faucet\",\"authors\":\"William Jou, S. Beaulieu, Adrienne K. Lim, E. MacDonald\",\"doi\":\"10.1115/detc2019-98468\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"\\n Resource-conserving products and commercial smart products abound in the market, but the intersection of the two is largely unexplored from the human-centered-design community. Research has shown that people (users) have different cognitive styles that influence their methods of approaching challenges and how they interpret the world. Utilizing this knowledge of cognitive styles, energy conserving products could (1) reduce resource consumption of its users and (2) increase user satisfaction with interacting with those products. Passive products — such as a flow-limiting showerhead — do not seek to change the user behavior and solely change the behavior of the product to conserve water. In this work, we design and test an “active smart” product to see if it can change users through product interaction. A custom faucet was designed and built to conduct an experiment with the Wizard of Oz (WoZ) technique of remotely operating a device to create the impression of autonomy/smartness. Participants were asked to wash multiple sets of dishes to test if: (1) participants use less water when washing dishes with a smart faucet and (2) participants remember this behavior change and use less water in a alter interaction with a normal faucet. Results confirmed the hypotheses and showed that those interacting with the faucet reduced their consumption by 26.5% during WoZ treatment and, importantly, 10.9% while washing after interacting with the WoZ treatment. Limitations include the implementation of the smart algorithm and the willingness-to-pay for a smart faucet in the home. This study demonstrates that smart products can conserve resources and train for further conservation even when the user is not using the smart product.\",\"PeriodicalId\":143350,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Volume 7: 31st International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology\",\"volume\":\"7 1\",\"pages\":\"0\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2019-08-18\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"2\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Volume 7: 31st International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-98468\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Volume 7: 31st International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-98468","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
摘要
资源节约型产品和商业智能产品在市场上比比皆是,但两者的交集在很大程度上还没有从以人为本的设计界得到探索。研究表明,人们(用户)有不同的认知风格,这会影响他们应对挑战的方法和对世界的理解。利用这种认知风格的知识,节能产品可以(1)减少用户的资源消耗,(2)提高用户与这些产品交互的满意度。被动式产品——比如限制流量的淋浴头——并不寻求改变用户的行为,而仅仅是改变产品的行为来节约用水。在这项工作中,我们设计并测试了一个“主动智能”产品,看看它是否可以通过产品交互来改变用户。设计并制作了一个定制水龙头,用《绿野仙踪》(Wizard of Oz, WoZ)中的远程操作设备技术进行实验,以创造自主/智能的印象。参与者被要求洗多套盘子来测试:(1)参与者在用智能水龙头洗盘子时使用更少的水,(2)参与者记住这种行为改变,在与普通水龙头的互动中使用更少的水。结果证实了这些假设,并表明那些与水龙头互动的人在WoZ治疗期间减少了26.5%的用水量,重要的是,在与WoZ治疗互动后洗涤时减少了10.9%。限制包括智能算法的实现以及为家中智能水龙头付费的意愿。本研究表明,即使用户不使用智能产品,智能产品也可以节约资源并进行进一步节约训练。
A Wizard-of-Oz Experiment to Demonstrate Water Reduction and User Training With an “Autonomous” Faucet
Resource-conserving products and commercial smart products abound in the market, but the intersection of the two is largely unexplored from the human-centered-design community. Research has shown that people (users) have different cognitive styles that influence their methods of approaching challenges and how they interpret the world. Utilizing this knowledge of cognitive styles, energy conserving products could (1) reduce resource consumption of its users and (2) increase user satisfaction with interacting with those products. Passive products — such as a flow-limiting showerhead — do not seek to change the user behavior and solely change the behavior of the product to conserve water. In this work, we design and test an “active smart” product to see if it can change users through product interaction. A custom faucet was designed and built to conduct an experiment with the Wizard of Oz (WoZ) technique of remotely operating a device to create the impression of autonomy/smartness. Participants were asked to wash multiple sets of dishes to test if: (1) participants use less water when washing dishes with a smart faucet and (2) participants remember this behavior change and use less water in a alter interaction with a normal faucet. Results confirmed the hypotheses and showed that those interacting with the faucet reduced their consumption by 26.5% during WoZ treatment and, importantly, 10.9% while washing after interacting with the WoZ treatment. Limitations include the implementation of the smart algorithm and the willingness-to-pay for a smart faucet in the home. This study demonstrates that smart products can conserve resources and train for further conservation even when the user is not using the smart product.