催产素是一种不应该被遗忘的男性荷尔蒙吗?

I. Tyuzikov, E. A. Grekov, A. Smirnov
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引用次数: 0

摘要

催产素是最古老的哺乳动物激素之一。在他100多年的科学研究历史中,人们对催产素在人类中的生物学功能的看法发生了重大甚至革命性的变化。长期以来,这种在下丘脑形成并仅沉积于下丘脑(中枢合成)的神经垂体激素,在分娩、哺乳和母性行为方面,只与女性生殖有关。然而,在过去的几十年里,一个独特而广泛的科学基础已经建立起来,证实了催产素在两性中的普遍作用,这是由男性和女性中催产素分泌的额外外周部位以及许多细胞和组织中广泛的受体装置预先确定的,这些受体装置共同允许催产素在内分泌中枢和自分泌和旁分泌局部信号通路中发挥作用。这一事实令人信服地证明,催产素在两性体内具有更广泛的生理作用,现代研究结果使我们能够将其视为一种中枢神经肽和一种对人类具有重大生物学和社会意义的外围多功能激素。这篇综述文章简要讨论了催产素的内分泌学,并更详细地介绍了它在男性生理上的作用,包括它在社会和性行为、勃起功能、应激保护、生殖、代谢、前列腺方面的作用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Is oxytocin an undeservedly forgotten hormone in men?
Oxytocin is one of the most ancient mammalian hormones in terms of phylogeny. Over the more than 100-year history of his scientific study, views on the biological functions of oxytocin in humans have undergone a significant and even revolutionary changes. For a long time, this neurohypophysis hormone, which is formed in the hypothalamus and is only deposited in it (central synthesis), was associated exclusively with female reproduction in the aspect of labor, breastfeeding and maternal behavior. However, over the past decades, a unique and extensive scientific base has been created confirming the universal nature of the effects of oxytocin in both sexes, which is predetermined by the presence of additional peripheral sites of oxytocin secretion in men and women, as well as an extensive receptor apparatus in many cells and tissues, which together allows oxytocin to function both endocrine central and auto- and paracrine local signaling pathways. This fact convincingly proves that oxytocin has a much wider range of physiological effects in the body of both sexes, and the results of modern research allow us to consider it as a central neuropeptide and a peripheral multifunctional hormone of great biological and social significance for humans.The review article briefly discusses the endocrinology of oxytocin and in more detail its physiological effects in men, including its role in social and sexual behavior, erectile function, protection from stress, reproduction, metabolism, prostate gland. 
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