乌克兰农业生产在世界体系概念中的地位

N. Lagodiienko
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Within the limits of the purpose achievement the following tasks are distinguished: to investigate peculiarities and essence of the world-system theory, the countries of the center (nucleus); evaluate the terms of trade in Ukrainian agri-food products; to determine priorities for the development of foreign trade in Ukrainian agri-food products.\nResults. The index of agricultural exports diversification of Ukraine during the analyzed period worsened - the share of grain in its structure in some years reached 40 %. This testifies to its exceptional raw material orientation. Unlike food or feed grains, such export products as seed products, tree saplings, breeding cattle of high-yielding breeds, dairy products, flour and other semi-finished products and finished foods have a higher level of added value and therefore better price positions in the foreign market. 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引用次数: 1

摘要

介绍。本文在世界体系概念的框架内评估了农业生产的重要性,鉴于全球化进程的加速,这一概念正变得越来越重要。对外经济贸易的发展对农业生产效率有积极的影响,但为了防止原料的形成,有必要寻找新的重点。本文的目的是在世界体系概念的框架内证实乌克兰的农业生产地。在目标实现的范围内,区分了以下任务:研究世界体系理论的特点和本质,中心(核心)国家;评估乌克兰农产品的贸易条件;确定乌克兰农产品对外贸易发展的优先事项。在分析期间,乌克兰农产品出口多样化指数恶化-粮食在其结构中的份额在某些年份达到40%。这证明了它独特的原材料取向。与粮食或饲料粮不同,种子产品、树苗、高产品种种牛、乳制品、面粉等半成品和成品食品等出口产品附加值较高,在国外市场上具有较好的价格地位。随着这类商品在农产品出口结构中所占份额的增加,贸易条件得到改善,反之亦然。这类商品在该国出口中的主导地位证明了高科技农业食品生产,注重封闭的生产周期。乌克兰农产品出口结构以食品和饲料粮食为主,说明乌克兰农工综合体技术链断裂,品种和育种业务退化,畜牧业衰落等。随着全球化进程的加速,世界体系概念正变得越来越重要。在这个概念的框架内,乌克兰正在有意巩固边缘地区国家的地位。为了避免这种前景,必须:1)改变农产品出口结构——减少粮食、油菜籽(油菜籽)的出口份额,增加附加值较高的产品的出口份额。这些产品包括种子产品、优质种牛、乔木和灌木树苗、初级加工肉类、肉类和乳制品、预制食品、酒精和非酒精饮料等。首先,需要稳定和过渡到牛的种群增长,猪,恢复国内育种和育种业务,现代高科技种子生产等;2)使乳制品和肉类原料的供应条件达到欧洲标准;3)提高国内农产品和食品市场的容量。这需要刺激需求。关键词:农业生产,可持续发展,世界体系观念,粮食安全,对外贸易,生产效率。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Place of agricultural production of Ukraine within the world-system concept
Introduction. The article assesses the importance of agricultural production within the framework of a world-system concept, which is becoming increasingly relevant in the light of the acceleration of globalization processes. The development of foreign economic relations and trade has a positive effect on the agricultural production efficiency, but in order to prevent the raw materials formation only, it is necessary to look for new priorities. The purpose of the article is substantiation of the agrarian production place in Ukraine within the framework of the world-system concept. Within the limits of the purpose achievement the following tasks are distinguished: to investigate peculiarities and essence of the world-system theory, the countries of the center (nucleus); evaluate the terms of trade in Ukrainian agri-food products; to determine priorities for the development of foreign trade in Ukrainian agri-food products. Results. The index of agricultural exports diversification of Ukraine during the analyzed period worsened - the share of grain in its structure in some years reached 40 %. This testifies to its exceptional raw material orientation. Unlike food or feed grains, such export products as seed products, tree saplings, breeding cattle of high-yielding breeds, dairy products, flour and other semi-finished products and finished foods have a higher level of added value and therefore better price positions in the foreign market. With an increase in the share of such commodities in the structure of agricultural food exports, terms of trade improve, and vice versa. The predominance of such goods in the country's export testifies to high-tech agro-food production, focus on closed production cycle. The dominance in the export structure of Ukrainian agricultural products of food and feed grain indicates the breaking of technological chains in the national agro-industrial complex, the degradation of varietal and breeding business, the decline of livestock industries and so on. Conclusions. Within the framework of the world-system concept, which is becoming increasingly relevant in the acceleration light of globalization processes, Ukraine is deliberately consolidating the status of the country of the peripheral zone. To avoid this prospect, you must: 1) to change the structure of agro-food products export - to reduce the share of grain, seeds of oilseeds (rapeseed) and to increase the share of products with relatively higher added value. These are seed products, high-quality breeding cattle, tree and shrub saplings, primary processing meat, meat and dairy products, prepared foods, alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages and more. What, first of all, requires stabilization and transition to the cattle population growth, pigs, restoration of domestic breeding and breeding business, modern high-tech seed production, etc.; 2) to bring to the European standards the conditions of supply of dairy and meat raw materials; 3) to increase the capacities of the domestic market for agricultural and food products. Which needs to stimulate demand. Keywords: agrarian production, sustainable development, world-system concept, food security, foreign trade, production efficiency.
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