多核系统中共享资源干扰分析框架

S. Vanderleest, Jesse Millwood, Christopher Guikema
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引用次数: 6

摘要

集成模块化航空电子设备(IMA)提供了多种好处,例如减少SWAP-C和减少重新认证工作,但需要集成在一起的模块化软件的确定性行为。缺乏确定性会影响安全。分离模块化软件以减少意外影响的正常方法是使用分区。每个分区中的软件与其他分区隔离,以便分区不会影响彼此所需的行为。当分区共享计算资源时,系统体系结构必须提供机制来强制执行该共享的确定性,并且飞行认证工件必须证明该强制执行的可靠性。本文提出了一种分析IMA系统中分区对共享资源的使用的方法,特别是对于那些围绕多核处理器构建的分区,作为一种概念性方案,以识别可能导致非确定性的分区间干扰的所有可能途径,然后验证和验证系统隔离机制以约束这种干扰。首先,我们通过总结IMA概念、回顾以共享资源为重点的基本计算机体系结构原则以及定义隔离(也称为分区或分离)来提供背景知识。其次,我们重点介绍了关于分区的关键文献。第三,我们提供了隔离技术的分类。第四,根据应用的隔离技术,提出了一个分析共享资源干扰的框架。文章最后总结了有待进一步研究的领域。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
A Framework for Analyzing Shared Resource Interference in a Multicore System
Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA) provides multiple benefits such as reduced SWAP-C and reduced recertification effort but requires deterministic behavior of the modular software that is integrated together. Lack of determinism can impact safety. The normal way to separate modular software to reduce unexpected effects is to use partitioning. The software in each partition is isolated from other partitions so that partitions cannot impact each other's required behavior. When partitions share computing resources, the system architecture must provide mechanisms to enforce determinism on that sharing and the flight certification artifacts must demonstrate the reliability of that enforcement. This paper proposes an approach for analyzing the use of shared resources by partitions in an IMA system, particularly for those built around a multicore processor, as a conceptual scheme to identify all possible avenues for interpartition interference that might cause non-determinism and then to validate and verify the system isolation mechanisms to bound such interference. First, we provide background by summarizing the IMA concept, reviewing basic computer architecture principles focused on shared resources, and defining isolation (also known as partitioning or separation). Second, we highlight the key literature on partitioning. Third, we provide a taxonomy of isolation techniques. Fourth, we propose the start of a framework for analyzing shared resource interference in light of the applied isolation techniques. The paper concludes with a summary of areas for further research.
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