乌克兰红薯新基因型的引进

A. Mozgovska, T. Ivchenko, N. Bashtan, T. Miroshnichenko
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的:对在乌克兰哈尔科夫地区种植条件下引进的红薯新基因型的收集进行研究。结果与讨论:在乌克兰哈尔科夫地区的条件下,对13个甘薯基因型进行了国内和国外选种的评估。这些基因型在生长季节长度、植物生物特征参数和生产力方面存在很大差异。将所研究的基因型分为三个成熟组。具有三组特征的样品-早熟:V-1, V-6, А-7, В-4;中熟:Оr-3、D-2、М-8;late-ripening: B-9、P-11 B-10、J-12Е5Оk-14。沿着茎的长度可以得到各种各样的形状。所有进入中成熟组的基因型都形成了长长的攀援茎。因此,基因型Or-3的植株形成了类似于藤蔓的长茎,长214厘米。早熟组的基因型长度从144 cm (V-6)到153 cm (А-7)不等。根据“新增芽数”属性,变异范围为4 ~ 8 cm,变异系数为17%。沿节间长度观察到显著变化(V = 30%)。变异范围为4.39 ~ 9.97 cm。根据“叶片数量”特性,变异范围为40 ~ 77片。变异系数为20%。“叶片数量”最大的中成熟组基因型为77个。/plant (Оr-3)和71个。/工厂(d2)。最小的是40个。/株(B-10), 42个/株(B-9), 44件/工厂(P-11)。基因型V-6块茎形状椭圆形,果皮光滑,颜色为粉红色。果肉呈奶油色;那是甘薯的样品。芽长,攀缘,叶深绿色,无花青素色,肾状。乌克兰选育的甘薯D-2基因型为甜点品种。该基因型块茎呈椭圆形,橙色,果皮光滑;果肉结实,呈亮橙色。这些植物的嫩芽很长,很能攀缘,嫩绿的。叶子的芽呈肾状,淡绿色。结果表明,表基因型具有较高的饲粮营养价值。甜点基因型有利于糖尿病患者的各种饮食。已经提供了一份可供遵循饮食的人使用的基因型清单。结论:在乌克兰哈尔科夫地区的条件下,对13个引进的国内外红薯育种基因型进行了评价。他们已经发现,通过植物的生物特征参数和产量,基因型在生长季节是不同的。通过离体培养克隆选择,获得了国产甘薯选种V-6和D-2两个全新的、有发展前景的基因型。基因型V-6的块茎呈椭圆形,表皮光滑,呈粉红色。一只的平均重量为351克。鲜肉呈奶油色。长枝编织,长144厘米;叶子是深绿色的,呈肾状。另一个国内选择的甘薯D-2是甜点型。块根呈椭圆形,表皮光滑,呈橙色。块茎的平均重量为410克。鲜肉呈鲜亮的橘黄色。芽极长-198厘米,非常匍匐,有浅绿色。叶子呈肾状,呈浅绿色。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The sweet potatoes new genotypes introduction in Ukraine
Aim: Conduct research on the collection of new genotypes of sweet potatoes introduced under growing conditions in the Kharkiv district of Ukraine. Results and discussion: In the conditions in the Kharkiv district of Ukraine, an assessment was made of 13 genotypes of sweet potato a domestic and foreign selection. The genotypes were very different in length of the growing season, biometric parameters of plants, and productivity. The studied genotypes were divided into three ripeness groups. Samples that characterized the three groups - early ripening: V-1, V-6, А-7, В-4; medium ripening: Оr-3, D-2, М-8; late-ripening: B-9, P-11, B-10, J-12, Е-5, Оk-14. A wide range of shapes was obtained along the length of the stem. All genotypes that entered the mid-ripening group formed long, climbing stems. So, plants of the genotype Or-3 formed long stems similar to vines, 214 cm long. The genotypes of the early ripening group were characterized by lengths from 144 cm (V-6) up to 153 cm (А-7). According to the “Quantity of additional shoots” attribute, the variability range was 4–8 cm, and the coefficient of variation was 17%. Significant variation was observed along the length of the internodes (V = 30%). The variability range was 4.39–9.97 cm. According to the “Quantity of leaves” characteristic, the variability range was 40–77 pcs. And the coefficient of variation was 20%. The genotypes of the middle ripening group that had the largest “Quantity of leaves” were 77 pcs./plant (Оr-3) and 71 pcs./plant (D-2). The smallest was 40 pcs./plant (B-10), 42 pcs./plant (B-9), 44 pcs./plant (P-11). The root tubers in genotype V-6 had an oval shape, smooth peel, and pink color. The flesh was a creamy solid color; it was a sample of sweet potato. The shoots were long, climbing, leaves of a dark green color without anthocyanin color, kidney-shaped. The genotype of sweet potato D-2 of Ukrainian selection was a dessert variety. The tubers of the genotype were elliptical, orange with a smooth peel; the flesh was firm and bright orange. The shoots of the plants were very long, very climbing, and light green. The shoots of the leaves were kidney-shaped, light green. The results showed that table genotypes are of greater value for dietary nutrition. Dessert genotypes are conducive to a variety of diets for people with diabetes. A list of genotypes that can be used by people who follow a diet has been provided. Conclusion: In the conditions in the Kharkiv district of Ukraine, 13 introduced genotypes of sweet potato domestic and foreign breeding were evaluated. They already discovered that the genotypes were different in the growing season by biometric parameters of plants and yields. By using clonal selection in vitro culture, two completely new promising genotypes of domestic selection of sweet potatoes V-6 and D-2 were obtained. Tubers of genotype V-6 were oval, skin smooth, and pink. The average weight of one was 351 g. The raw flesh was cream-colored. Long shoots were woven, their length was 144 cm; the leaves were dark green, and kidney-shaped. Another example of a domestic selection of sweet potato D-2 was a dessert type. The root tubers were elliptical and had an orange color with smooth skin. The average weight of the tubers was 410 g. The raw flesh was a solid bright orange color. Shoots were extremely long -198 cm, very creeping, and had a light green color. The leaves were kidney-shaped and light green.
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