鸡粪、牛粪和猪粪对生菜产量、品质和地下水污染的影响

A. Vella, Anthony Sacco
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摘要

本试验研究了禽肥、牛粪、猪粪和人工肥料对生菜产量和品质的影响。研究了这些肥料施用于钙质土壤时对地下水的污染潜势。生菜在盆中种植,盆中土壤用两种肥料中的一种进行了改良,同时不施肥。施用于土壤的肥料量与马耳他生菜种植者使用的肥料量一致。试验设置在温室内,每个处理20个重复,监测作物高度、宽度、鲜干质量、根长、树液NO3 -和K +以及重金属含量。定期对废水进行NO3 -含量和盐度分析。以禽粪作物性能最好,猪粪次之,牛粪次之,人工肥料次之。对照土壤的产量较低,也导致作物液中NO3 -浓度最高,而在施用肥料的土壤中生长的植株液中NO3 -浓度无显著差异。除Ni、Mn、Cu外,各植物体内重金属含量差异不显著。有机肥处理的土壤NO3 -淋失率最高,尤其是禽肉土壤NO3 -淋失率最高。施用牛粪的作物产量变化最大,产量与地下水NO3 -污染潜势比最低。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
THE EFFECT OF POULTRY, CATTLE AND SWINE MANURE APPLICATIONS TO SOIL ON LETTUCE YIELD AND QUALITY AND GROUND WATER CONTAMINATION POTENTIAL
This study investigated the effect that poultry, cattle, swine manures, and artificial fertilizer have on the yield and quality of lettuce (Lactucasativa L.). The ground water contamination potential of these fertilizers when applied to calcareous soil was also studied. Lettuce plants were cultivated in pots containing soil amended with either of the fertilizers together with a no-fertilizer control. The amount of fertilizer applied to soil was in line with that used by the lettuce growers in Malta. The experiment, including 20 replicates for each treatment, was set up in a greenhouse and the crop height, width, fresh and dry mass, root length, sap NO3 - and K + , and heavy metal content were monitored. The drain water from the pots was analysed periodically for NO3 - content and salinity. The best crop performance was obtained from poultry manure followed by swine manure, cattle manure and artificial fertilizer. Yield from the control soil was poor and also resulted in a crop containing the highest NO3 - concentration in the sap. No significant difference was found in sap NO3 - concentration in plants grown in soil amended with the fertilizers. The heavy metal content concentration in the plants was not significantly different except for Ni, Mn and Cu. The highest NO3 - leaching was shown in the soil amended with manure, especially with that from poultry. Crops grown on cattle manure showed the highest variation in crop mass and also the lowest yield-to-ground water NO3 - contamination potential ratio.
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