空间条件下激光结构抗菌表面的测试:国际空间站实验生物膜的设计

Katharina Siems, D. Müller, L. Maertens, A. Ahmed, R. Van Houdt, R. Mancinelli, Sandra I. Baur, Kristina Brix, R. Kautenburger, N. Caplin, Jutta Krause, R. Demets, M. Vukich, Alessandra Tortora, C. Roesch, Gudrun Holland, M. Laue, F. Mücklich, R. Moeller
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引用次数: 5

摘要

维持机组人员的健康和安全是人类长期太空任务的基本目标。要实现这些目标,就需要开发维持船员健康和安全的方法和材料。最重要的是微生物监测和减少污染。微生物生物膜特别令人担忧,因为它们会对航天设备造成损害,而且由于它们对抗生素和消毒剂的抵抗力增强而难以消除。用于医疗、制药和工业目的的抗菌表面的引入显示出减少和防止生物膜形成的独特潜力。本文描述了ESA的BIOFILMS实验的发展过程,该实验将评估航天条件下各种抗菌表面上的生物膜形成情况。这些表面将由不同的金属组成,有或没有指定的表面纹理修饰。头型葡萄球菌亚种头皮炎、金属铜球菌和耐辐射不动杆菌是生物膜形成生物,已被选为模式生物。BIOFILMS实验将研究这些生物在国际空间站的微重力条件下在惰性表面(不锈钢AISI 304)和抗菌活性铜(Cu)基金属上形成生物膜的潜力,这些金属经过了超短脉冲直接激光干涉图案(USP-DLIP)的特定表面修饰。在1 x g中收集的数据表明,这些表面修饰增强了Cu基金属的抗菌活性。在这个范围内,表面和细菌之间的相互作用,这是高度由地形和表面化学决定的,将被研究。所产生的数据对于未来选择抗菌材料以支持空间探索中与人类和机器人相关的活动将是不可或缺的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Testing Laser-Structured Antimicrobial Surfaces Under Space Conditions: The Design of the ISS Experiment BIOFILMS
Maintaining crew health and safety are essential goals for long-term human missions to space. Attaining these goals requires the development of methods and materials for sustaining the crew’s health and safety. Paramount is microbiological monitoring and contamination reduction. Microbial biofilms are of special concern, because they can cause damage to spaceflight equipment and are difficult to eliminate due to their increased resistance to antibiotics and disinfectants. The introduction of antimicrobial surfaces for medical, pharmaceutical and industrial purposes has shown a unique potential for reducing and preventing biofilm formation. This article describes the development process of ESA’s BIOFILMS experiment, that will evaluate biofilm formation on various antimicrobial surfaces under spaceflight conditions. These surfaces will be composed of different metals with and without specified surface texture modifications. Staphylococcus capitis subsp. capitis, Cupriavidus metallidurans and Acinetobacter radioresistens are biofilm forming organisms that have been chosen as model organisms. The BIOFILMS experiment will study the biofilm formation potential of these organisms in microgravity on the International Space Station on inert surfaces (stainless steel AISI 304) as well as antimicrobial active copper (Cu) based metals that have undergone specific surface modification by Ultrashort Pulsed Direct Laser Interference Patterning (USP-DLIP). Data collected in 1 x g has shown that these surface modifications enhance the antimicrobial activity of Cu based metals. In the scope of this, the interaction between the surfaces and bacteria, which is highly determined by topography and surface chemistry, will be investigated. The data generated will be indispensable for the future selection of antimicrobial materials in support of human- and robotic-associated activities in space exploration.
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