第二佳理论:60岁时安度晚年

Robin Boadway
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引用次数: 6

摘要

我们总结了次优理论自理查德·利普西和开尔文·兰开斯特的最初贡献以来的演变。早期的研究调查了当其他地方存在扭曲时,受控部门零碎的最佳政策的最优性。阿诺德·哈伯格的应用福利经济学方法及其在成本效益分析中的体现,将次优分析纳入了公共项目的评估。现代次优分析强调在扭曲的经济中制定政策,扭曲反映了政府政策工具的限制或经济环境的特征,如政府信息有限。这是用最优商品和所得税及其对跨期和不确定设置的改进来说明的。次优分析是现代规范公共经济学的一个决定性特征。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Second‐Best Theory: Ageing Well at Sixty
We summarize the evolution of the theory of second best since the original contribution of Richard Lipsey and Kelvin Lancaster. Early studies investigated the optimality of piecemeal first-best policy in controlled sectors when distortions exist elsewhere. The applied welfare economics approach of Arnold Harberger and its embodiment in cost–benefit analysis incorporated second-best analysis into the evaluation of public programs. Modern second-best analysis emphasizes policy-making in a distorted economy where distortions reflect either constraints on government policy instruments or features of the economic environment such as limited government information. This is illustrated using optimal commodity and income taxation and its refinements to intertemporal and uncertain settings. Second-best analysis is a defining feature of modern normative public economics.
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