卫星图像在学校地理教学中的应用

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摘要

卫星图像在地球科学中占有重要的地位。这完全适用于地理。来自太空的地球图像用于各种活动:评估作物,确定现象的边界,确定陆地或海洋表面的污染程度,寻找矿物等等。但是在学校地理中,很少使用卫星图像——例如,用来证明地球是球形的,或者从太空中展示各大洲的景色。本文的目的是强调在学校地理课程中使用卫星图像的方法,并根据这些训练手段创建任务。主要材料。本文探讨了卫星图像在学校地理教学中的应用历史。还指出了卫星图像作为训练工具的优点和缺点。作者强调了卫星图像在地理表征形成中的作用。这些图像逼真地描绘了许多自然现象(大气锋、旋风、沙尘暴等)。因此,作为一种可视化手段,它们有助于学童记忆表征的形成。一些卫星图像的例子说明了如何在地理教学中使用它们。本文给出了在不同学习阶段使用卫星图像的系统方法。这些图像可以用来解释训练材料,重复它,控制知识,等等。卫星图像可用于解决制图任务。实践表明,我们可以根据图像完成创造性的任务。卫星图像在地理教学系统中占有重要地位。卫星图像的使用使我们能够提高学生对这门学科的兴趣。卫星图像形成了地理记忆表征,创造了地球自然面貌的视觉形象。对来自空间的地球图像的教育机会的研究揭示了三组要求:教学、技术和具体,这些要求由学校地理的内容决定。教师应根据学校地理教学任务的内容选择卫星图像。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Using satellite images in teaching geography at school
Satellite images occupy a signifi cant place in the Earth Sciences. This fully applies to geography. Images of the Earth from space are used in various activities: to assess crops, to establish the boundaries of a phenomenon, to determine the degree of contamination of land or ocean surfaces, to search for minerals, and so on. But in school geography, satellite images are used very rarely - for example, to prove the sphericity of the Earth or to show the view of each continent from space. The purpose of this article is to highlight the methods of using satellite images in geography lessons at school and to create tasks based on these means of training. Main material. The history of using satellite images in school geography has been considered in the article. Advantages and disadvantages of satellite images as training tools are also noted. The role of satellite images in the formation of geographical representations is highlighted by the authors. These images realistically depict many natural phenomena (atmospheric fronts, cyclones, dust storms, etc.). Therefore, as a means of visualization, they contribute to the formation of memory representations in schoolchildren. Examples of a number of satellite images show how they can be used in teaching geography. The article off ers a methodical way of the use of satellite images at diff erent stages of learning. These images can be used to explain the training material, repeat it, control knowledge, and so on. Satellite images can be used to solve cartographic tasks. As practice has shown, we can perform creative tasks based on images. Conclusions. Satellite images play an important role in the system of teaching geography. The use of satellite images allows us to improve the pupils’ interest in the subject. Satellite images form geographical memory representations create a visual image of the natural appearance of the Earth. The study of educational opportunities of the Earth’s images from space has revealed three groups of requirements: pedagogical, technical and specific, determined by the content of school geography. The teacher should select satellite images based on the content of educational tasks of school geography.
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