癌症治疗中的免疫系统调节:免疫治疗中的纳米颗粒

K. Kızılbey, N. Türkoğlu, F. Kırmızıtaş
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引用次数: 0

摘要

癌症免疫治疗的理念是克服传统癌症治疗的主要问题,提高患者的长期生存和生活质量。免疫治疗方法旨在影响免疫系统,检测和根除肿瘤部位,并预测潜在的结果。目前,基于纳米材料的免疫治疗方法因其能够直接靶向细胞和组织并减少脱靶毒性等诸多优点而受到人们的关注。因此,关于免疫系统成分、纳米材料及其在免疫治疗中的应用及其提供的益处的主题将在本章中讨论。免疫疗法主要分为两组;主动和被动免疫疗法,包括免疫检查点抑制剂、过继免疫疗法、CAR-T疗法、疫苗和单克隆抗体。对主要分类和方法进行评价。此外,还将详细介绍基于纳米载体的免疫治疗方法。本文将对纳米颗粒的大小、电荷、材料类型和表面修饰等方面进行综述,以了解纳米颗粒对免疫系统的干扰及其在免疫治疗系统中的优缺点。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Immune System Modulations in Cancer Treatment: Nanoparticles in Immunotherapy
Cancer immunotherapy is based on the idea of overcoming the main problems in the traditional cancer treatments and enhancing the patient’s long-term survival and quality of life. Immunotherapy methods aimed to influence the immune system, to detect and eradicate the tumors site and predict the potential results. Nowadays, nanomaterials-based immunotherapy approaches are gaining interest due to numerous advantages like their ability to target cells and tissues directly and reduce the off-target toxicity. Therefore, topics about immune system components, nanomaterials, their usage in immunotherapy and the benefits they provide will be discussed in this presented book chapter. Immunotherapy can be divided into two groups mainly; active and passive immunotherapy including their subtitles such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, adoptive immunotherapy, CAR-T therapies, vaccines, and monoclonal antibodies. Main classification and the methods will be evaluated. Furthermore, state-of-art nanocarriers based immunotherapy methods will be mentioned in detail. The terms of size, charge, material type and surface modifications of the nanoparticles will be reviewed to understand the interference of immune system and nanoparticles and their advantages/disadvantages in immunotherapy systems.
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